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	<title>Megascops guatemalae Archives - Wild With Nature</title>
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		<title>The silence before the cuckoo&#8217;s song</title>
		<link>https://wildwithnature.com/2025/09/01/the-silence-before-the-cuckoos-song/</link>
					<comments>https://wildwithnature.com/2025/09/01/the-silence-before-the-cuckoos-song/#comments</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Shane Sater]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 01 Sep 2025 16:52:59 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Birds]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[English-language stories]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Plants]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Water]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Bubo virginianus]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Chamerion angustifolium]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Chordeiles minor]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Coccyzus erythropthalmus]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Falco sparverius]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Fraxinus pennsylvanica]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Icteria virens]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Icterus spurius]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Megascops guatemalae]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Pheucticus melanocephalus]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Prunus virginiana]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Rubus idaeus]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Toxostoma rufum]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Troglodytes aedon]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://wildwithnature.com/?p=5195</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>July 9, 2025, Highwood Creek, Chouteau County, Montana. I hear it as soon as I step out of the car, that resonant, knocking cucucu that [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://wildwithnature.com/2025/09/01/the-silence-before-the-cuckoos-song/">The silence before the cuckoo&#8217;s song</a> appeared first on <a href="https://wildwithnature.com">Wild With Nature</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[
<figure class="wp-block-image size-full is-resized"><a href="https://wildwithnature.com/2025/09/01/el-silencio-antes-del-canto-del-cuclillo/"><img fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" width="706" height="181" src="http://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/bilingual-en-2.jpg" alt="Bilingual nature podcast" class="wp-image-3486" style="width:auto;height:100px" srcset="https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/bilingual-en-2.jpg 706w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/bilingual-en-2-300x77.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 706px) 100vw, 706px" /></a></figure>



<iframe data-testid="embed-iframe" style="border-radius:12px" src="https://open.spotify.com/embed/episode/5P4c2BDG96eTcNKzzWX8yY?utm_source=generator&#038;t=0" width="100%" height="152" frameBorder="0" allowfullscreen="" allow="autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; fullscreen; picture-in-picture" loading="lazy"></iframe>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="alignright size-large is-resized"><img decoding="async" width="1024" height="768" src="http://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/PXL_20250709_140156632-1024x768.jpg" alt="Black-billed cuckoo habitat along Highwood Creek." class="wp-image-5197" style="width:500px" srcset="https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/PXL_20250709_140156632-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/PXL_20250709_140156632-300x225.jpg 300w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/PXL_20250709_140156632-768x576.jpg 768w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/PXL_20250709_140156632.jpg 1200w" sizes="(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Black-billed cuckoo habitat along Highwood Creek.</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-0a3f3067e6a801e89666c39371e2f00e wp-block-paragraph"><em>July 9, 2025, Highwood Creek, Chouteau County, Montana. </em>I hear it as soon as I step out of the car, that resonant, knocking <em>cucucu</em> that I’ve been listening for all across Montana this summer. Black-billed cuckoo (<em>Coccyzus erythropthalmus</em>)! My hands are shaking and my heart is thumping as I start recording with my phone, just in case the cuckoo doesn’t sing for very long. I hurry to pull my parabolic recorder out of the car, turn it on, waste precious seconds debating whether to bother with the headphones. I slip one headphone on, aim the parabola, and press record. The cuckoo keeps singing.</p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-9ec35ba288c655654e1f08c91dd37fad wp-block-paragraph">The wild red raspberries (<em>Rubus idaeus</em>) are ripe along Highwood Creek and the fireweed (<em>Chamerion angustifolium</em>) is blooming. The cuckoo is singing from a patch of cottonwood gallery forest sandwiched between the creek, the gravel county road, and a driveway. I walk a bit closer along the road. The singing stops. A slender bird with a long tail and a very white belly sails across the driveway and disappears into a dense clump of chokecherries.</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">Somewhere among the forest</h3>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="alignright size-large is-resized"><img decoding="async" width="1024" height="768" src="http://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/PXL_20250709_140044616-1024x768.jpg" alt="The forest along Highwood Creek, looking downstream." class="wp-image-5198" style="width:500px" srcset="https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/PXL_20250709_140044616-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/PXL_20250709_140044616-300x225.jpg 300w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/PXL_20250709_140044616-768x576.jpg 768w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/PXL_20250709_140044616.jpg 1200w" sizes="(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">The forest along Highwood Creek, looking downstream.</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-9bfe1257fc1d967936634edcdee51e89 wp-block-paragraph">The cuckoo sings again from the chokecherries (<em>Prunus virginiana</em>), <em>cucucu, cucucu</em>, rhythmic and soothing. A minute or two later, I hear it again farther downstream. It must have slipped out of the chokecherries without me noticing.&nbsp;</p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-e636ba48c4a1fd0436566fbab9f281ff wp-block-paragraph">Then it falls silent. I wait 15 minutes. Nothing. Only the song of a black-headed grosbeak (<em>Pheucticus melanocephalus</em>) fills the cottonwoods. But the cuckoo is out there, somewhere, a silent shadow among the shrubs. The memory of its voice reverberates in my body: a mystery. A reminder. A call to understand. There is more going on in this changeable forest than we can possibly know.</p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-090dd55c4f56ed51b427d586e12887db wp-block-paragraph">It was music that brought Anna Kurtin to the cuckoos—music and a curiosity about secretive wildlife. After a childhood near Austin, Texas and a biology degree at the University of Texas at Austin, she began working for the National Park Service in Arizona studying bats and spotted owls. The challenge of finding these elusive animals and a childhood love of music—playing percussion, specifically—came together to draw her deeper into acoustic methods of monitoring mysterious wildlife. And in 2022 this interest brought her to the University of Montana, where a team of biologists and conservationists had already begun to coalesce around black-billed cuckoos and was seeking a graduate student.&nbsp;</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">July silence</h3>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="alignright size-large is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="899" src="http://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/IMG_20200901_204226821-1024x899.jpg" alt="Nighttime in the cottonwood forest." class="wp-image-5206" style="width:500px" srcset="https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/IMG_20200901_204226821-1024x899.jpg 1024w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/IMG_20200901_204226821-300x263.jpg 300w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/IMG_20200901_204226821-768x674.jpg 768w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/IMG_20200901_204226821.jpg 1200w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Nighttime in the cottonwood forest.</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-4515505bd386f492f4d57ea149f24b4a wp-block-paragraph">In Montana there’s a long time in the July night when the cottonwood forest is nearly silent. Nobody sings; only the faint burbling of the water ripples the stillness. Perhaps a fledgling great horned owl (<em>Bubo virginianus</em>) screeches once in a while. And amid the silence, if you’re lucky, you might hear the croaking flight call of a black-billed cuckoo passing by overhead. In some parts of the breeding range, observers have heard as many as six cuckoos flying past in the night, making these calls. Why do they do this? We still don’t know. Are they venturing forth to forage, heading out to feed on caterpillars in the dark? Sometimes people also hear cuckoos singing during the night, that distinctive <em>cucucu</em> ringing out from the depths of the forest.</p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-021e8bc3a32eef3544eb280caf2c5fdd wp-block-paragraph">If only we could be in multiple places at once, listening night and day for the sound of a cuckoo. Perhaps then we could begin to answer some of the many mysteries about these birds. But there <em>was</em> a way to do this, it turned out, a device known as an autonomous recording unit (ARU). An ARU is simply a battery-powered microphone with a memory card. By placing ARUs along eastern Montana’s river valleys, Anna’s team hoped to be able to find more cuckoos.</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">In search of black-billed cuckoos</h3>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="alignright size-large is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="683" src="http://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/BBCU_ARU_install_Peter_Dudley-1024x683.jpg" alt="Members of the Montana black-billed cuckoo team install an ARU. Photo by Peter Dudley." class="wp-image-5208" style="width:500px" srcset="https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/BBCU_ARU_install_Peter_Dudley-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/BBCU_ARU_install_Peter_Dudley-300x200.jpg 300w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/BBCU_ARU_install_Peter_Dudley-768x512.jpg 768w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/BBCU_ARU_install_Peter_Dudley.jpg 1200w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Black-billed cuckoo team members from Montana Audubon (Bo Crees, Amy Seaman) and the University of Montana Bird Ecology Lab (Lynette Williams) install an ARU. Photo by Peter Dudley.</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-287ee9dbd10b10ec0446e054fb0d75f5 wp-block-paragraph">In 2022 and 2023, Anna and her collaborators—Dr. Erim Gómez and the Charismatic Minifauna Lab at the University of Montana, Anna Noson and the University of Montana Bird Ecology Lab, Dr. Andy Boyce and the Smithsonian Migratory Bird Center, and biologists at Montana Fish, Wildlife, and Parks and Montana Audubon—set out ARUs in a variety of habitats along the Missouri, Musselshell, and Yellowstone Rivers. These general areas were already known from previous sightings and habitat modeling as some of the best in Montana for black-billed cuckoos. But the team wanted to gain a finer-scale understanding of where cuckoos were, where they weren’t, and why. </p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-07ce831b3eb2d9be17c5666e6ca7d98f wp-block-paragraph">They programmed each ARU to record sounds for four half-hour blocks each day, two at night and two during the morning. (If they had left the units running 24/7, they would have rapidly depleted the batteries and memory cards.) They left recorders out from early to late summer to capture the black-billed cuckoo breeding period.</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">38,000 hours</h3>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="alignright size-large is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="1013" src="http://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/621292273-1024x1013.jpg" alt="Orchard oriole." class="wp-image-5200" style="width:500px" srcset="https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/621292273-1024x1013.jpg 1024w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/621292273-300x297.jpg 300w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/621292273-768x760.jpg 768w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/621292273.jpg 1200w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Orchard oriole.</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-7b523df96ef5345baea0316b3d815e8a wp-block-paragraph">Two seasons of the constantly-changing music of the cottonwood forest elapsed. Yellow-breasted chats (<em>Icteria virens</em>) sang, and orchard orioles (<em>Icterus spurius</em>). Great horned owls hooted in the night. July brought an emergence of hungry baby birds, and a flood of fledgling northern house wrens (<em>Troglodytes aedon</em>) begged harshly. The battery-powered microphones flicked on and off, logging it all in half-hour snapshots. In all, over 38,000 hours of audio. And somewhere within those thousands and thousands of hours, perhaps, were the songs and flight calls of black-billed cuckoos.</p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-d4ca1e43669d4d3d5520dc022e68b81a wp-block-paragraph">Now came the many months of intensive computer work. Developing a machine-learning algorithm with collaborators from the Kitzes Lab at the University of Pittsburgh to sort out cuckoo sounds from everything else. Listening to countless hours of audio to test the algorithm. Compiling habitat data the team had collected in the field. Building statistical models to account for factors such as background sound, vegetation density, and time of year that might affect cuckoo detections. More models to characterize the habitats where cuckoos called and whether the same habitat factors also correlated with frequency of calling. All of the quiet, painstaking, methodical work of a Master’s project.</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">Finding Montana&#8217;s black-billed cuckoos</h3>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="alignright size-large is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="797" src="http://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/BBCU-Ian-Van-Coller-Dailey-Lake-Park-Co-6-28-25-1024x797.png" alt="Black-billed cuckoo at Dailey Lake, Park County, Montana. Photo by Ian van Coller." class="wp-image-5201" style="width:500px" srcset="https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/BBCU-Ian-Van-Coller-Dailey-Lake-Park-Co-6-28-25-1024x797.png 1024w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/BBCU-Ian-Van-Coller-Dailey-Lake-Park-Co-6-28-25-300x233.png 300w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/BBCU-Ian-Van-Coller-Dailey-Lake-Park-Co-6-28-25-768x598.png 768w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/BBCU-Ian-Van-Coller-Dailey-Lake-Park-Co-6-28-25.png 1122w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Black-billed cuckoo at Dailey Lake, Park County, Montana, June 2025. Photo by Ian van Coller.</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-c9876f608a6e6c0b91a8639601d900c3 wp-block-paragraph">At last, the results. Of the 41 sites where Anna and her team placed ARUs in 2022—all of them spots where cuckoos had been observed in previous years—they documented black-billed cuckoos at 12. In 2023, they expanded their sampling to 107 sites, including both known cuckoo spots from previous years and never-before-surveyed sites spread across multiple habitats within the same river valleys. That year, they found cuckoos at 20 of 107 sites.&nbsp;</p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-5e42d42ec93be96001577138a86d1836 wp-block-paragraph">In 2022, Anna and her team fine-tuned when to set out ARUs and when to pick them up to capture a full cuckoo breeding season. 2023 gave them this full seasonal picture—and they found that calling activity varied strongly throughout the summer. Black-billed cuckoos called relatively frequently throughout June and the first half of July, during the day and less frequently at night. But after July 18, calling activity declined precipitously. If 2023 was at all representative, it would seem that the chances of hearing a cuckoo in Montana after mid-July become very slim.&nbsp;</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">Modeling cuckoo habitat</h3>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="alignright size-large is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="768" src="http://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/PXL_20250525_134727774-1024x768.jpg" alt="An extensive cottonwood forest with a tall, shrubby understory along the Yellowstone River in Richland County, Montana. Andrew Guttenberg and Dalton Spencer photographed a black-billed cuckoo here in 2022." class="wp-image-5202" style="width:500px" srcset="https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/PXL_20250525_134727774-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/PXL_20250525_134727774-300x225.jpg 300w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/PXL_20250525_134727774-768x576.jpg 768w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/PXL_20250525_134727774.jpg 1200w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">An extensive cottonwood forest with a tall, shrubby understory along the Yellowstone River in Richland County, Montana. Andrew Guttenberg and Dalton Spencer photographed a black-billed cuckoo here in 2022.</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-5bb4d282fe12dd7326095c7fdfb4d9ad wp-block-paragraph">The habitat models added more detail to previous notions of what an “ideal” black-billed cuckoo habitat might look along eastern Montana’s rivers. To find a place that might be good for cuckoos: Look for landscapes where the river&#8217;s-edge forest canopy is extensive—landscapes, perhaps, where the cottonwoods (<em>Populus </em>spp.), willows (<em>Salix </em>spp.), and green ashes (<em>Fraxinus pennsylvanica</em>) stretch for miles. As you walk across this landscape, look for patches hundreds of yards wide where there’s lots of variation in the canopy height of the forest, where old trees and younger ones mix.</p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-28b5084ed006d2dc1d55717dc7718f01 wp-block-paragraph">Search for spots where there are tall shrubs like chokecherries in the understory. Stay away from places where the conifers intrude and avoid areas close to the river crowded with single-age stands of young cottonwood and willow saplings. Instead, look for patches with lots of vertical complexity: areas where younger and older trees mix, creating a more variable canopy. And maybe, just maybe, you’ll hear a cuckoo.</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">Return to the Marias River</h3>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="alignright size-large is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="768" src="http://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/PXL_20250707_040633220-1024x768.jpg" alt="Extensive cottonwood forest along the Marias River on a moonlit night in July." class="wp-image-5203" style="width:500px" srcset="https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/PXL_20250707_040633220-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/PXL_20250707_040633220-300x225.jpg 300w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/PXL_20250707_040633220-768x576.jpg 768w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/PXL_20250707_040633220-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/PXL_20250707_040633220-2048x1536.jpg 2048w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Extensive cottonwood forest along the Marias River on a moonlit night in July.</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-3fb706ee19d6ed5ab5dcf9e74def3f9f wp-block-paragraph"><em>July 6, 2025</em>. In three more days I’ll get to hear the black-billed cuckoo along Highwood Creek, but I still have no clue of that. This evening I’ve returned to <a href="https://wildwithnature.com/2025/08/01/how-to-not-find-black-billed-cuckoos/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">the Marias River where I listened for cuckoos in early June</a>, the patch where Anna Fasoli heard them singing in 2021. Common nighthawks (<em>Chordeiles minor</em>) <em>peent</em> in the gathering darkness as I hike down to the river and pitch my tent near the cottonwoods. But then the night deepens into that July silence. No cuckoo song reaches my ears, no croaking flight call. No black-billed cuckoo wakes me from my dreams.</p>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="alignright size-large is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="853" src="http://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/638902437-1024x853.jpg" alt="A brown thrasher carrying food to a fledgling." class="wp-image-5204" style="width:500px" srcset="https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/638902437-1024x853.jpg 1024w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/638902437-300x250.jpg 300w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/638902437-768x640.jpg 768w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/638902437.jpg 1200w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">A brown thrasher carrying food to a fledgling.</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-1d1954cc14c63723e7e8ca1720eaf0ae wp-block-paragraph">I get up in the morning to the shrill calls of a family group of American kestrels (<em>Falco sparverius</em>) as the sun lights up the trees. An adult brown thrasher (<em>Toxostoma rufum</em>) feeds a begging juvenile, then launches into an extended bout of song. A flood of young northern house wrens begs from the forest undergrowth. The brown thrasher keeps singing for a long time—loudly—though I didn’t hear him at all last month. Will I have the same luck with a cuckoo? But as I wander around in this constantly-changing forest, neither a croak nor a <em>cucucu</em> reaches my ears.&nbsp;</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">When we don&#8217;t find cuckoos</h3>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="alignright size-large is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="768" src="http://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/PXL_20250707_135204098-1024x768.jpg" alt="Potential black-billed cuckoo habitat along the Marias River, but no sign of them in 2025." class="wp-image-5205" style="width:500px" srcset="https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/PXL_20250707_135204098-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/PXL_20250707_135204098-300x225.jpg 300w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/PXL_20250707_135204098-768x576.jpg 768w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/PXL_20250707_135204098.jpg 1200w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Potential black-billed cuckoo habitat along the Marias River, but no sign of them here in 2025.</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-41ba137590ab5ac255f94dfbf90eabd3 wp-block-paragraph">If I could convert myself into a sound recorder and stay here for weeks or months, would I finally hear a cuckoo? Or is this extensive cottonwood forest like most of Anna Kurtin’s 2022 sites: a place that had cuckoos in a past year, a place where the habitat seems okay, but with no cuckoos now?</p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-5d788e5e7731790b43bcd49d610bd303 wp-block-paragraph">Anna points out how variable these birds can be from year to year, or even within a single summer. There’s the research of Claire Johnson and Thomas Benson in Illinois, which strongly suggests that black-billed cuckoos can move widely even within a single breeding season. All of it highlights that for a species so secretive and so mobile, even answering a simple question like “where are the cuckoos?” is incredibly difficult.</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">Fall migration</h3>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="alignright size-large is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="768" src="http://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/PXL_20230929_032802024-1024x768.jpg" alt="September in the cottonwood forest. Will a migrating cuckoo give its flight call as it passes overhead?" class="wp-image-5199" style="width:500px" srcset="https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/PXL_20230929_032802024-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/PXL_20230929_032802024-300x225.jpg 300w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/PXL_20230929_032802024-768x576.jpg 768w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/PXL_20230929_032802024.jpg 1200w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">September in the cottonwood forest. Will a migrating cuckoo give its flight call as it passes overhead?</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-a3bb9754ac58e687c43090af63917f4a wp-block-paragraph">We don’t know exactly when black-billed cuckoos leave Montana in the fall. Across the breeding range, sightings diminish markedly between August and September. Migrating at night, they join a tide of birds in motion, a nocturnal wave headed south. They pass by almost unnoticed, guided by the stars. An invisible marathon through dark skies, a lonely flight call over the sleeping earth.</p>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="alignright size-large is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="768" src="http://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/PXL_20241207_121522210-1024x768.jpg" alt="Sunrise in the Sierra Sur of Oaxaca, Mexico. Black-billed cuckoos have never been seen in this area, but there are reports during migration throughout Central America just a bit farther south and east." class="wp-image-5207" style="width:500px" srcset="https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/PXL_20241207_121522210-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/PXL_20241207_121522210-300x225.jpg 300w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/PXL_20241207_121522210-768x576.jpg 768w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/PXL_20241207_121522210.jpg 1200w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Sunrise in the Sierra Sur of Oaxaca, Mexico. Black-billed cuckoos have never been seen in this area, but there are reports during migration throughout Central America just a bit farther south and east.</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-44299cbdcbf891a26ea5f83194627926 wp-block-paragraph">By the end of September they start arriving in parts of Honduras and Nicaragua, where the Middle American screech-owls (<em>Megascops guatemalae</em>) trill at dawn. They keep advancing southward and make it to Colombia, Ecuador, the Amazon region of Peru and Bolivia. And then they almost disappear. For the three months between December and February, all that we know about black-billed cuckoos comes from a few dozen observations. Even where they are in this season is rather a mystery—let alone what they’re doing, what their lives are like in this vast, biodiverse region. And if it’s hard to study such a secretive bird in June and July, it’s even harder in January, when the cuckoos are silent.&nbsp;</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">Black-billed cuckoos across the Americas</h3>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="alignright size-large is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="722" height="1024" src="http://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/BBCU_Loma_2021_BoCrees1-722x1024.jpg" alt="A black-billed cuckoo along the Missouri River downstream of Loma, Montana, June 2021. Photo by Bo Crees." class="wp-image-5209" style="width:500px" srcset="https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/BBCU_Loma_2021_BoCrees1-722x1024.jpg 722w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/BBCU_Loma_2021_BoCrees1-212x300.jpg 212w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/BBCU_Loma_2021_BoCrees1-768x1089.jpg 768w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/BBCU_Loma_2021_BoCrees1-1084x1536.jpg 1084w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/BBCU_Loma_2021_BoCrees1.jpg 1200w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 722px) 100vw, 722px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">A black-billed cuckoo along the Missouri River downstream of Loma, Montana, June 2021. Photo by Bo Crees.</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-741f04d336c66ab649011eba7c58ddc6 wp-block-paragraph">But here, too, are people who fall in love with the cuckoos and try to understand them. During the Covid pandemic, a team of researchers at SELVA, a Colombian non-profit dedicated to conservation in the Neotropics, began a study of black-billed cuckoos. The team carried out cuckoo censuses in Ecuador and identified an important region for nonbreeding cuckoos in El Oro Province, in southern Ecuador. They also fitted three cuckoos in Colombia with radio transmitters, hoping to learn more about their migratory paths using the international <a href="https://motus.org/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Motus network</a> of radio receivers.</p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-8591c3921bbf4751cd906aaeef855eb5 wp-block-paragraph">Although two of the cuckoos with radio transmitters disappeared without a further trace, one of them later showed up in North America, pinging Motus towers near Lake Erie and Lake Ontario. But sadly, the project’s funding did not continue. The biology of the black-billed cuckoo remains little-known in this region; but the team from SELVA is determined to find a way to continue with this research in the near future.&nbsp;</p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-f720e121cae7d4999670f2c90fcf556e wp-block-paragraph">The more that I learn about black-billed cuckoos, the more they fascinate me. A migration in the dark; a silent and little-known life in the tropical forest; a population decline that we still don’t understand well. Waiting in the silence of the July night among Montana’s cottonwoods, almost without breathing, waiting for the voice of a cuckoo. You might hear it, but most likely you won’t. And among all of the unknowns, a network of people, from Montana and Illinois to Colombia and Ecuador, who join together to try to understand cuckoos and help them.&nbsp;</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">Afterword</h3>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-96152838e2eb0fd2bab322162dac1b90 wp-block-paragraph">Something that I find very striking about black-billed cuckoos is the degree of collaboration they seem to inspire. Many thanks to Anna Kurtin and Dr. Camila Gómez (SELVA) for their participation in this story, and to their research teams for all of their contributions to our understanding of cuckoos. To learn more about all of the ongoing research and conservation projects at SELVA and to support this important work, visit <a href="https://www.selva.org.co/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://www.selva.org.co/</a>. Thanks to Harriet Marble for telling me about a possible black-billed cuckoo report near the Highwood Mountains, which finally allowed me to observe one! Finally, thanks to Tim Spahr for his permission to include his black-billed cuckoo song and flight call recordings in the podcast, and to Ian van Coller, Bo Crees, and Peter Dudley for letting me include their photos (one of Bo&#8217;s photos is also featured in this page&#8217;s banner).</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">Further reading</h3>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="alignright size-large is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="768" src="http://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/BBCU_Wyola_2023_BoCrees-1024x768.jpg" alt="A black-billed cuckoo near Wyola, Montana, May 2023. Photo by Bo Crees." class="wp-image-5210" style="width:500px" srcset="https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/BBCU_Wyola_2023_BoCrees-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/BBCU_Wyola_2023_BoCrees-300x225.jpg 300w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/BBCU_Wyola_2023_BoCrees-768x576.jpg 768w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/BBCU_Wyola_2023_BoCrees.jpg 1200w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">A black-billed cuckoo near Wyola, Montana, May 2023. Photo by Bo Crees.</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-9235fef2ac5718fb076678a8ebc1e1c1 wp-block-paragraph">Hughes, J.M. (2020). Black-billed cuckoo (Coccyzus erythropthalmus), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (A.F. Poole, editor). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. <a href="https://birdsoftheworld.org/bow/species/bkbcuc/cur/introduction" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://birdsoftheworld.org/bow/species/bkbcuc/cur/introduction</a></p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-a9f87e06dd100353c7874a6c6f59727d wp-block-paragraph">Johnson, C.A. (2021). Detection, habitat use, and occupancy dynamics of black-billed cuckoos and yellow-billed cuckoos in Illinois. M.Sc. thesis. Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. <a href="https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/items/118405" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/items/118405</a></p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-500e3b80d8690b3d7bfc870add6b86cd wp-block-paragraph">Johnson, C.A. &amp; Benson, T.J. (2022). Dynamic occupancy models reveal black-billed and yellow-billed cuckoos have high rates of turnover during the breeding season. <em>Ornithological Applications</em> 124(3): duac021. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/ornithapp/duac021" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://doi.org/10.1093/ornithapp/duac021</a></p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-05fb8fdafe1c612872d4959c02e94685 wp-block-paragraph">Kurtin, A.M. (2025). Comparing survey methods and investigating habitat use of black-billed cuckoos (<em>Coccyzus erythropthalmus</em>) in the Northern Great Plains. M.Sc. thesis. Missoula, MT: University of Montana. <a href="https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/12436/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/12436/</a></p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-a14ac5ccde80f73a535e353d27275eb4 wp-block-paragraph">Marks, J.S., Hendricks, P. &amp; Casey, D. (2016). Birds of Montana. Arrington, VA: Buteo Books.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"></p>
<p>The post <a href="https://wildwithnature.com/2025/09/01/the-silence-before-the-cuckoos-song/">The silence before the cuckoo&#8217;s song</a> appeared first on <a href="https://wildwithnature.com">Wild With Nature</a>.</p>
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		<title>El silencio antes del canto del cuclillo</title>
		<link>https://wildwithnature.com/2025/09/01/el-silencio-antes-del-canto-del-cuclillo/</link>
					<comments>https://wildwithnature.com/2025/09/01/el-silencio-antes-del-canto-del-cuclillo/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Shane Sater]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 01 Sep 2025 16:43:44 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Agua]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Aves]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Historias en español]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Plantas]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Bubo virginianus]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Chamerion angustifolium]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Chordeiles minor]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Coccyzus erythropthalmus]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Falco sparverius]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Fraxinus pennsylvanica]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Icteria virens]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Icterus spurius]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Megascops guatemalae]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Pheucticus melanocephalus]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Prunus virginiana]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Rubus idaeus]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Toxostoma rufum]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Troglodytes aedon]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://wildwithnature.com/?p=5219</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>9 de julio de 2025, el Arroyo Highwood, Condado de Chouteau, Montana, EU. Lo escucho inmediatamente al bajar del carro, ese cucucú resonante que he [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://wildwithnature.com/2025/09/01/el-silencio-antes-del-canto-del-cuclillo/">El silencio antes del canto del cuclillo</a> appeared first on <a href="https://wildwithnature.com">Wild With Nature</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[
<figure class="wp-block-image size-full is-resized"><a href="https://wildwithnature.com/2025/09/01/the-silence-before-the-cuckoos-song/"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="734" height="188" src="http://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/bilingual-es-2.jpg" alt="Podcast bilingüe de la naturaleza" class="wp-image-3489" style="width:auto;height:100px" srcset="https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/bilingual-es-2.jpg 734w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/bilingual-es-2-300x77.jpg 300w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 734px) 100vw, 734px" /></a></figure>



<iframe data-testid="embed-iframe" style="border-radius:12px" src="https://open.spotify.com/embed/episode/4QYLaWYF235CAoG2kXiINk?utm_source=generator&#038;t=0" width="100%" height="152" frameBorder="0" allowfullscreen="" allow="autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; fullscreen; picture-in-picture" loading="lazy"></iframe>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="alignright size-large is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="768" src="http://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/PXL_20250709_140156632-1024x768.jpg" alt="Black-billed cuckoo habitat along Highwood Creek." class="wp-image-5197" style="width:500px" srcset="https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/PXL_20250709_140156632-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/PXL_20250709_140156632-300x225.jpg 300w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/PXL_20250709_140156632-768x576.jpg 768w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/PXL_20250709_140156632.jpg 1200w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">El hábitat del cuclillo pico negro por el Arroyo Highwood. </figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-b8b171e1b957444bbe53733c3ec6fdb8 wp-block-paragraph"><em>9 de julio de 2025, el Arroyo Highwood, Condado de Chouteau, Montana, EU. </em>Lo escucho inmediatamente al bajar del carro, ese <em>cucucú</em> resonante que he estado buscando por todas partes de Montana este verano. ¡Un cuclillo pico negro (<em>Coccyzus erythropthalmus</em>)! Mis manos están temblando y mi corazón está latiendo fuerte mientras empiezo a grabar con mi teléfono, en caso de que el cuclillo pronto se calle. Con prisa saco mi grabadora parabólica del carro y la enciendo. Malgasto unos segundos preciosos debatiendo si usar los audífonos. Me pongo un solo audífono, apunto la parábola y empiezo a grabar. El cuclillo sigue cantando.</p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-3b1e2dd8b40d2b98544ad35231544175 wp-block-paragraph">Las frambuesas silvestres (<em>Rubus idaeus</em>) están maduras por el Arroyo Highwood y la hierba de los incendios (<em>Chamerion angustifolium</em>) está floreciendo. El cuclillo está cantando desde un parche de álamos entre el arroyo, una carretera de gravillas y la entrada a una casa. Me acerco un poco más por la carretera. Dejo de escuchar el canto. Un ave con la cola larga y el vientre muy blanco planea sobre la entrada y desaparece en una mata densa de cerezos silvestres (<em>Prunus virginiana</em>).</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">Por algún lado del bosque</h3>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="alignright size-large is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="768" src="http://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/PXL_20250709_140044616-1024x768.jpg" alt="The forest along Highwood Creek, looking downstream." class="wp-image-5198" style="width:500px" srcset="https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/PXL_20250709_140044616-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/PXL_20250709_140044616-300x225.jpg 300w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/PXL_20250709_140044616-768x576.jpg 768w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/PXL_20250709_140044616.jpg 1200w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">El bosque por el Arroyo Highwood, mirando aguas abajo.</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-452460036162f94fc5e0b02a4670f24c wp-block-paragraph">El cuclillo vuelve a cantar desde los cerezos, <em>cucucú, cucucú</em>, un canto rítmico y relajante. Después de unos minutos más lo vuelvo a escuchar desde más lejos, aguas abajo. Aparentemente se fue de los cerezos sin que yo me diera cuenta.</p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-c48e02167cbbe7a19fc5a2fbb0780ca9 wp-block-paragraph">Entonces se calla. Espero 15 minutos. Nada. Sólo el canto de un picogordo tigrillo (<em>Pheucticus melanocephalus</em>) llena los álamos. Pero el cuclillo está ahí, en algún lugar, una sombra silente entre los arbustos. El recuerdo de su voz resuena en mi cuerpo: un misterio. Una remembranza. Una llamada a entender. Más está pasando en este bosque cambiable de lo que tenemos la capacidad de entender.</p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-76fb80bdb6746882ee18595bcd908bd7 wp-block-paragraph">Fue la música que trajo a Anna Kurtin a los cuclillos—la música y una curiosidad sobre los animales sigilosos. Después de una juventud cerca de Austin, Texas y una licenciatura en biología en la Universidad de Texas en Austin, empezó a trabajar para el Servicio Nacional de Parques en Arizona. Allá estudió a los murciélagos y al búho moteado (<em>Strix occidentalis</em>). El desafío de encontrar a estos animales escurridizos y el amor por la música de su juventud—cuando tocaba la percusión—se juntaron para inspirarla a profundizar más en los métodos acústicos de monitorear a animales misteriosos. Y en 2022 este interés la llevó a la Universidad de Montana, donde un equipo de biólogos y conservacionistas ya había empezado a unirse para estudiar a los cuclillos pico negro y estaba buscando a un estudiante de posgrado.</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">El silencio de julio</h3>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="alignright size-large is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="899" src="http://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/IMG_20200901_204226821-1024x899.jpg" alt="Nighttime in the cottonwood forest." class="wp-image-5206" style="width:500px" srcset="https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/IMG_20200901_204226821-1024x899.jpg 1024w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/IMG_20200901_204226821-300x263.jpg 300w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/IMG_20200901_204226821-768x674.jpg 768w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/IMG_20200901_204226821.jpg 1200w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">La noche en el bosque de álamo.</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-7e6cfc24795ec971fee3e9e761918d93 wp-block-paragraph">En Montana hay un tiempo largo durante la noche de julio cuando el bosque de álamo queda en silencio. Nadie canta; sólo el leve borboteo del agua interrumpe la calma. Quizás un búho cornudo (<em>Bubo virginianus</em>) joven chilla de vez en cuando. Y entre el silencio, si tienes mucha suerte, puede que escuches el croar que da el cuclillo pico negro mientras pasa volando por arriba. En algunas partes de la distribución reproductiva, se han escuchado hasta seis cuclillos pasar volando en la noche, haciendo estas llamadas. ¿Por qué lo hacen? Aún no lo sabemos. ¿Están saliendo para forrajear, volando hasta lejos para cazar orugas en la oscuridad? A veces también se escuchan a cuclillos cantando en la noche, ese <em>cucucú</em> distintivo emanando desde las profundidades del bosque.</p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-ee6a900a6cc37734d75c833b33f83936 wp-block-paragraph">Si sólo pudiéramos estar en varios lugares a la vez, escuchando noche y día por el sonido de un cuclillo. Tal vez así podríamos empezar a resolver algunas de los misterios de estas aves. Pero sí había una manera de hacerlo, resultó, un aparato conocido como una unidad autónoma de grabación (ARU, por sus siglas en inglés). Una unidad ARU simplemente es un micrófono con una batería y una tarjeta de memoria. Al instalar unidades ARU por los grandes ríos al este de Montana, el equipo de Anna esperaba poder encontrar a más cuclillos.</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">Buscando a los cuclillos pico negro</h3>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="alignright size-large is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="683" src="http://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/BBCU_ARU_install_Peter_Dudley-1024x683.jpg" alt="Members of the Montana black-billed cuckoo team install an ARU. Photo by Peter Dudley." class="wp-image-5208" style="width:500px" srcset="https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/BBCU_ARU_install_Peter_Dudley-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/BBCU_ARU_install_Peter_Dudley-300x200.jpg 300w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/BBCU_ARU_install_Peter_Dudley-768x512.jpg 768w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/BBCU_ARU_install_Peter_Dudley.jpg 1200w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Colaboradores de Montana Audubon (Bo Crees, Amy Seaman) y el Laboratorio de Ecología Aviaria (Lynette Williams) instalan una unidad ARU. Foto por Peter Dudley.</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-21e276b36a1736bf35807b763f325343 wp-block-paragraph">En 2022 y 2023, Anna y sus colaboradores—el doctor Erim Gómez y el Laboratorio de Minifauna Carismática de la Universidad de Montana, Anna Noson y el Laboratorio de Ecología Aviaria de la Universidad de Montana, el doctor Andy Boyce y el Centro de Aves Migratorias del Instituto Smithsonian, biólogos del Departamento de Peces, Vida Silvestre y Parques de Montana y biólogos de Montana Audubon—pusieron unidades ARU en una variedad de hábitats a lo largo de los Ríos Missouri, Musselshell y Yellowstone. Estas áreas generales ya se conocían por observaciones y modelos como algunas de las mejores en Montana para los cuclillos pico negro. Pero el equipo quería entender más precisamente dónde estaban los cuclillos, dónde no estaban y por qué.</p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-5a90104ef7bc35a65d2a80bacbf99fc7 wp-block-paragraph">Programaron cada unidad ARU para grabar sonidos durante cuatro periodos de 30 minutos cada día, dos en la noche y dos en la mañana. (Si hubieran dejado las unidades grabando de modo continuo, rápidamente habrían agotado las baterías y tarjetas de memoria.) Dejaron las unidades instaladas desde principios del verano hasta finales del verano para abarcar la temporada de reproducción del cuclillo pico negro. </p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">38,000 horas</h3>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="alignright size-large is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="1013" src="http://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/621292273-1024x1013.jpg" alt="Orchard oriole." class="wp-image-5200" style="width:500px" srcset="https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/621292273-1024x1013.jpg 1024w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/621292273-300x297.jpg 300w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/621292273-768x760.jpg 768w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/621292273.jpg 1200w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Calandria castaña.</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-b6b74285ead28999c359e560f9f83090 wp-block-paragraph">Dos años de la música en cambio constante del bosque de álamo pasaron. Chipes grandes (<em>Icteria virens</em>) cantaron, y calandrias castañas (<em>Icterus spurius</em>). Búhos cornudos ulularon en la noche. Julio llegó con una emergencia de polluelos hambrientos y una inundación de saltaparedes comunes norteños (<em>Troglodytes aedon</em>) bebés dio llamadas ásperas, pidiendo alimento. Los micrófonos pequeños con sus baterías se encendían y se apagaban, grabándolo todo en segmentos de media hora cada uno. En total, ¡ el equipo recolectó más de 38,000 horas de audio! Y en algún lugar entre tantas miles y miles de horas, tal vez, estaban los cantos y las llamadas de vuelo de los cuclillos pico negro.</p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-604da9f2668c30d656029ff7fa8b5ab6 wp-block-paragraph">Ahora llegaron los meses intensivos de trabajo en la computadora. Desarrollando un algoritmo de aprendizaje automático con colaboradores del Laboratorio Kitzes de la Universidad de Pittsburgh para distinguir los sonidos de los cuclillos entre todo lo demás. Escuchando horas incontables de audio para checar el algoritmo. Juntando datos sobre el hábitat que el equipo había recolectado en el campo. Construyendo modelos estadísticos para considerar los factores como el nivel de ruido en el fondo, la densidad de vegetación y la época del año que podrían afectar la probabilidad de detectar a los cuclillos. Más modelos para describir los hábitats donde cantaban los cuclillos e investigar si los mismos factores de hábitat también se correlacionaban con la frecuencia de cantos. Todo el trabajo silencioso, metódico y minucioso de un proyecto de Maestría.</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">Encontrando los cuclillos pico negro en Montana</h3>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="alignright size-large is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="797" src="http://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/BBCU-Ian-Van-Coller-Dailey-Lake-Park-Co-6-28-25-1024x797.png" alt="Black-billed cuckoo at Dailey Lake, Park County, Montana. Photo by Ian van Coller." class="wp-image-5201" style="width:500px" srcset="https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/BBCU-Ian-Van-Coller-Dailey-Lake-Park-Co-6-28-25-1024x797.png 1024w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/BBCU-Ian-Van-Coller-Dailey-Lake-Park-Co-6-28-25-300x233.png 300w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/BBCU-Ian-Van-Coller-Dailey-Lake-Park-Co-6-28-25-768x598.png 768w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/BBCU-Ian-Van-Coller-Dailey-Lake-Park-Co-6-28-25.png 1122w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Un cuclillo pico negro cerca del Lago Dailey, Condado de Park, Montana, junio de 2025. Foto por Ian van Coller.</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-9f768055150a02d95e3e05c00e5de700 wp-block-paragraph">Al final, los resultados. Anna y su equipo instalaron unidades ARU en 41 sitios en 2022, de los cuales todos eran sitios donde se habían observado cuclillos en otros años. Documentaron a cuclillos pico negro en 12 de los 41. En 2023 expandieron su proyecto para incluir 107 sitios, incluyendo tanto sitios con registros previos de cuclillos como sitios sin registros previos en varios hábitats dentro de los mismos valles. Ese año, encontraron a cuclillos en 20 de 107 sitios. </p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-4f61ba9faddedca0429090343467d7a2 wp-block-paragraph">En 2022, Anna y su equipo afinaron en qué fechas instalar y recolectar las unidades ARU para capturar toda la temporada reproductiva de los cuclillos. El 2023 les dio esta imagen completa de la temporada—y descubrieron que la actividad vocal varía bastante a través del verano. Los cuclillos pico negro cantaron con más frecuencia en junio y la primera mitad de julio, más durante el día y menos durante la noche. Pero después del 18 de julio, la actividad vocal disminuyó abruptamente. Si 2023 fue un año típico, parecería que la probabilidad de escuchar a un cuclillo en Montana después de mediados de julio se desploma hacia cero.</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">Modelos del hábitat de los cuclillos</h3>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="alignright size-large is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="768" src="http://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/PXL_20250525_134727774-1024x768.jpg" alt="An extensive cottonwood forest with a tall, shrubby understory along the Yellowstone River in Richland County, Montana. Andrew Guttenberg and Dalton Spencer photographed a black-billed cuckoo here in 2022." class="wp-image-5202" style="width:500px" srcset="https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/PXL_20250525_134727774-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/PXL_20250525_134727774-300x225.jpg 300w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/PXL_20250525_134727774-768x576.jpg 768w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/PXL_20250525_134727774.jpg 1200w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Un bosque de álamo extenso con una capa de arbustos altos por abajo al lado del Río Yellowstone en el Condado de Richland, Montana. Andrew Guttenberg y Dalton Spencer fotografiaron a un cuclillo pico negro aquí en 2022.</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-83d3ed3b1c3f46b619a2f442e6bcc32c wp-block-paragraph">Los modelos de hábitat añadieron más detalle a las ideas previas sobre cómo se vería un hábitat &#8220;ideal&#8221; para los cuclillos pico negro por los ríos al este de Montana. Para encontrar un lugar que sea bueno para los cuclillos: Busca paisajes por los ríos donde los árboles sean extensos—paisajes, tal vez, donde los álamos (<em>Populus </em>spp.), sauces (<em>Salix </em>spp.) y fresnos (<em>Fraxinus pennsylvanica</em>) se extiendan por kilómetros. Mientras camines a través de este paisaje, busca áreas de cientos de metros de ancho donde haya mucha variación en la altura del dosel, donde se mezclen los árboles viejos y jóvenes.</p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-ee3006ae522c7276b7fe5c2334738de3 wp-block-paragraph">Busca lugares donde haya arbustos altos como cerezos silvestres debajo de los álamos. Evita lugares donde entren las coníferas o áreas al lado del río con parches de una sola edad de álamos y sauces jóvenes. En su vez, busca áreas con mucha complejidad vertical: donde los árboles viejos y jóvenes se mezclen, formando un dosel más variable. Y quizás, quizás, vayas a escuchar a un cuclillo.</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">Regresando al Río Marias</h3>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="alignright size-large is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="768" src="http://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/PXL_20250707_040633220-1024x768.jpg" alt="Extensive cottonwood forest along the Marias River on a moonlit night in July." class="wp-image-5203" style="width:500px" srcset="https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/PXL_20250707_040633220-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/PXL_20250707_040633220-300x225.jpg 300w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/PXL_20250707_040633220-768x576.jpg 768w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/PXL_20250707_040633220-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/PXL_20250707_040633220-2048x1536.jpg 2048w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">El bosque de álamo extenso por el Río Marias durante la noche de julio, antes de que se ponga la luna. </figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-7de2325134b63ea8d9a8d35b394041e5 wp-block-paragraph"><em>6 de julio de 2025</em>. En tres días más voy a poder escuchar al cuclillo pico negro por el Arroyo Highwood, pero aún no tengo ninguna idea de eso. Esta noche he regresado <a href="https://wildwithnature.com/2025/08/01/como-no-encontrar-a-un-cuclillo-pico-negro/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">al Río Marias donde busqué a los cuclillos a principios de junio</a>, al área donde Anna Fasoli los escuchó cantar en 2021. Los chotacabras zumbones (<em>Chordeiles minor</em>) dan sus llamadas <em>pin</em> en la oscuridad creciente mientras bajo hacia el río y pongo mi casa de acampar cerca de los álamos. Pero entonces la noche se profundiza en ese silencio de julio. Ningún canto de cuclillo llega a mis oídos, ningún croar de su llamada en vuelo. Ningún cuclillo pico negro me despierta de mis sueños.</p>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="alignright size-large is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="853" src="http://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/638902437-1024x853.jpg" alt="A brown thrasher carrying food to a fledgling." class="wp-image-5204" style="width:500px" srcset="https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/638902437-1024x853.jpg 1024w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/638902437-300x250.jpg 300w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/638902437-768x640.jpg 768w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/638902437.jpg 1200w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">El cuicacoche castaño lleva alimento a su polluelo. </figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-5841a63884bb63db00f0d753ad17341a wp-block-paragraph">Me levanto en la mañana escuchando las llamadas agudas de un grupo familiar de cernícalos americanos (<em>Falco sparverius</em>) mientras el sol ilumina los árboles. Un cuicacoche castaño (<em>Toxostoma rufum</em>) adulto alimenta a su polluelo y luego se pone a cantar por un buen rato. Una inundación de los polluelos de los saltaparedes comunes norteños pide alimento desde los niveles bajos del bosque. El cuicacoche sigue cantando por bastante tiempo—en voz alta—aunque el mes pasado ni siquiera lo escuché. ¿Voy a tener la misma suerte esta vez con el cuclillo? Pero mientras deambulo por este bosque en cambio constante, ni un croar ni un <em>cucucú</em> me alcanza.</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">Cuando no encontramos a los cuclillos</h3>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="alignright size-large is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="768" src="http://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/PXL_20250707_135204098-1024x768.jpg" alt="Potential black-billed cuckoo habitat along the Marias River, but no sign of them in 2025." class="wp-image-5205" style="width:500px" srcset="https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/PXL_20250707_135204098-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/PXL_20250707_135204098-300x225.jpg 300w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/PXL_20250707_135204098-768x576.jpg 768w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/PXL_20250707_135204098.jpg 1200w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Un hábitat posible para los cuclillos pico negro al lado del Río Marias, pero sin ninguna indicación de su presencia aquí en 2025. </figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-8fa4d79d4b186657c71ee9a9257eeaf5 wp-block-paragraph">¿Si yo pudiera convertirme en grabadora y quedarme aquí por semanas o meses, finalmente escucharía a un cuclillo? ¿O es este bosque de álamo extenso como la mayoría de los sitios que Anna investigo en 2022: un lugar que tenía cuclillos en otro año, donde el hábitat parece bueno, pero sin cuclillo ninguno ahora?</p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-a67662e1d2ed79be340ff0c486e205c6 wp-block-paragraph">Anna señala qué tan variable puede ser la presencia de estas aves de un año a otro, o incluso dentro de un solo verano. Las investigaciones de Claire Johnson y Thomas Benson en Illinois tocan este tema, sugiriendo que los cuclillos pico negro pueden vagar mucho incluso durante una sola temporada reproductiva. Cabe resaltar que por una especie tan escurridiza y con tanta movilidad, incluso dar la respuesta a una pregunta simple como &#8220;¿Dónde están los cuclillos?&#8221; es increíblemente difícil.</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">La migración otoñal</h3>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="alignright size-large is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="768" src="http://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/PXL_20230929_032802024-1024x768.jpg" alt="September in the cottonwood forest. Will a migrating cuckoo give its flight call as it passes overhead?" class="wp-image-5199" style="width:500px" srcset="https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/PXL_20230929_032802024-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/PXL_20230929_032802024-300x225.jpg 300w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/PXL_20230929_032802024-768x576.jpg 768w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/PXL_20230929_032802024.jpg 1200w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Septiembre en el bosque de álamo. ¿Se escuchará la llamada de vuelo de un cuclillo en migración mientras pasa volando?</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-964ea11432d3cb83ee0de9a9a9323ab3 wp-block-paragraph">No sabemos bien en qué fechas se van los cuclillos pico negro (<em>Coccyzus erythropthalmus</em>) de Montana. A lo largo de la distribución reproductiva los registros se disminuyen marcadamente entre agosto y septiembre. Migrando por la noche, se unen a una marea de aves en movimiento, una ola nocturna rumbo al sur. Pasan casi desapercibidos, guiados por las estrellas. Un maratón invisible a través del cielo oscuro, una llamada de vuelo solitaria sobre la tierra dormida.</p>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="alignright size-large is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="768" src="http://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/PXL_20241207_121522210-1024x768.jpg" alt="Sunrise in the Sierra Sur of Oaxaca, Mexico. Black-billed cuckoos have never been seen in this area, but there are reports during migration throughout Central America just a bit farther south and east." class="wp-image-5207" style="width:500px" srcset="https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/PXL_20241207_121522210-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/PXL_20241207_121522210-300x225.jpg 300w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/PXL_20241207_121522210-768x576.jpg 768w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/PXL_20241207_121522210.jpg 1200w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">El amanecer en la Sierra Sur de Oaxaca, México. Nunca se han registrado cuclillos pico negro en esta área, pero hay registros durante la migración a lo largo de Centroamérica sólo unos cientos de kilómetros más al sureste.</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-dc745a25c9e2c4779a339abb744890a4 wp-block-paragraph">A finales de septiembre vienen llegando a algunas partes de Honduras y Nicaragua, donde los tecolotes sapo (<em>Megascops guatemalae</em>) trinan en la madrugada. Siguen avanzando al sur y llegan a Colombia, Ecuador, a la región amazónica de Perú y Bolivia. Y entonces casi desaparecen. Por los tres meses entre diciembre y febrero, todo lo que sabemos de los cuclillos pico negro proviene de unas cuantas docenas de observaciones. Incluso dónde están en esta temporada es un poco misterioso—ni mencionar qué están haciendo, cómo son sus vidas en esta región vasta y biodiversa. Y si es difícil estudiar a un ave tan escurridiza durante junio y julio, pues mucho más en enero, cuando ni siquiera canta.</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">Los cuclillos pico negro a través de América</h3>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="alignright size-large is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="722" height="1024" src="http://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/BBCU_Loma_2021_BoCrees1-722x1024.jpg" alt="A black-billed cuckoo along the Missouri River downstream of Loma, Montana, June 2021. Photo by Bo Crees." class="wp-image-5209" style="width:500px" srcset="https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/BBCU_Loma_2021_BoCrees1-722x1024.jpg 722w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/BBCU_Loma_2021_BoCrees1-212x300.jpg 212w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/BBCU_Loma_2021_BoCrees1-768x1089.jpg 768w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/BBCU_Loma_2021_BoCrees1-1084x1536.jpg 1084w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/BBCU_Loma_2021_BoCrees1.jpg 1200w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 722px) 100vw, 722px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Un cuclillo pico negro por el Río Missouri aguas abajo de Loma, Montana, junio de 2021. Foto por Bo Crees. </figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-636d58fe482daa7a596f422ea49d40bc wp-block-paragraph">Pero aquí también hay personas que se enamoran de los cuclillos y tratan de entenderlos. Durante la pandemia de covid un equipo de investigadores de SELVA, una organización colombiana sin fines de lucro que se dedica a la conservación en el Neotrópico, inició un estudio del cuclillo pico negro. El equipo hizo censos en Ecuador e identificó una región no reproductiva importante en la Provincia El Oro al sur del país. Los investigadores también instalaron <a href="https://motus.org/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">radiotransmisores de Motus</a>, una red internacional para estudiar la ecología de la migración, a tres cuclillos en Colombia.</p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-4b37345a4d890d585ba4b0877bc328ef wp-block-paragraph">Uno de los tres luego fue detectado en Norteamérica por unas torres de Motus cerca de los Lagos Erie y Ontario. Pero lamentablemente el proyecto dejó de recibir financiación. Aún es muy poco conocida la biología de la especie por esta región; pero el equipo de SELVA está determinado en lograr continuar con esta investigación en el futuro cercano.</p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-b5f6f8c83beb22d47881f937ba23edee wp-block-paragraph">Por más que aprendo de los cuclillos pico negro, más me fascinan. Una migración a oscuras; una vida silente y poco entendida en la selva tropical. Un declive de población que todavía no entendemos bien. Un no respirar durante el silencio de una noche de julio entre los álamos de Montana, esperando su voz. Tal vez la escuches, pero es mucho más probable que no. Y entre todo lo que no sabemos, existe una red de personas, desde Montana e Illinois hasta Colombia y Ecuador, que se juntan para tratar de entender a los cuclillos y ayudarlos.</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">Epílogo</h3>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-7ca37c5948d964538b32e5050145bd6a wp-block-paragraph">Algo que me llama mucho la atención sobre los cuclillos pico negro es el nivel de colaboración que parecen inspirar. Muchas gracias a Anna Kurtin y a la doctora Camila Gómez por su participación en esta historia, y a sus equipos de investigación por todas sus contribuciones a nuestro conocimiento de esta especie. Para aprender más sobre todos los proyectos de investigación actuales de SELVA y para apoyar su importante trabajo, visita <a href="https://www.selva.org.co/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://www.selva.org.co/</a>. </p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-6d2e1d228fb1c06c530bee23a66c19c9 wp-block-paragraph">Agradezco a Harriet Marble por contarme de un posible reporte de un cuclillo pico negro cerca de las Montañas Highwood, que finalmente me permitió observar a uno. Gracias también a Tim Spahr por su permiso para incluir sus grabaciones del canto y la llamada de vuelo del cuclillo en el podcast, y a Ian van Coller, Bo Crees y Peter Dudley por dejarme incluir sus fotos en la historia (una foto de Bo Crees también aparece en la parte arriba de la página).</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">Leer más</h3>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="alignright size-large is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="768" src="http://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/BBCU_Wyola_2023_BoCrees-1024x768.jpg" alt="A black-billed cuckoo near Wyola, Montana, May 2023. Photo by Bo Crees." class="wp-image-5210" style="width:500px" srcset="https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/BBCU_Wyola_2023_BoCrees-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/BBCU_Wyola_2023_BoCrees-300x225.jpg 300w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/BBCU_Wyola_2023_BoCrees-768x576.jpg 768w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/BBCU_Wyola_2023_BoCrees.jpg 1200w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Un cuclillo pico negro cerca de Wyola, Montana, mayo de 2023. Foto por Bo Crees. </figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-c307b41f31ef7facd98af219b30dfc5a wp-block-paragraph">Hughes, J.M. (2020). Black-billed cuckoo (Coccyzus erythropthalmus), versión 1.0. <em>En</em> Birds of the World (A.F. Poole, editor). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, EU. <a href="https://birdsoftheworld.org/bow/species/bkbcuc/cur/introduction" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://birdsoftheworld.org/bow/species/bkbcuc/cur/introduction</a></p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-9ab1af7655dee228a3f829f8bb17ac42 wp-block-paragraph">Johnson, C.A. (2021). Detection, habitat use, and occupancy dynamics of black-billed cuckoos and yellow-billed cuckoos in Illinois. Tesis de Maestría de Ciencias. Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. <a href="https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/items/118405" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/items/118405</a></p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-500e3b80d8690b3d7bfc870add6b86cd wp-block-paragraph">Johnson, C.A. &amp; Benson, T.J. (2022). Dynamic occupancy models reveal black-billed and yellow-billed cuckoos have high rates of turnover during the breeding season. <em>Ornithological Applications</em> 124(3): duac021. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/ornithapp/duac021" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://doi.org/10.1093/ornithapp/duac021</a></p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-dd8c57951205465b10f130552a8547b8 wp-block-paragraph">Kurtin, A.M. (2025). Comparing survey methods and investigating habitat use of black-billed cuckoos (<em>Coccyzus erythropthalmus</em>) in the Northern Great Plains. Tesis de Maestría de Ciencias. Missoula, MT: University of Montana. <a href="https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/12436/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/12436/</a></p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-a14ac5ccde80f73a535e353d27275eb4 wp-block-paragraph">Marks, J.S., Hendricks, P. &amp; Casey, D. (2016). Birds of Montana. Arrington, VA: Buteo Books.</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://wildwithnature.com/2025/09/01/el-silencio-antes-del-canto-del-cuclillo/">El silencio antes del canto del cuclillo</a> appeared first on <a href="https://wildwithnature.com">Wild With Nature</a>.</p>
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			<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		
		
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		<item>
		<title>El misterio del crepúsculo: las aves y la agricultura sustentable</title>
		<link>https://wildwithnature.com/2025/01/01/el-misterio-del-crepusculo/</link>
					<comments>https://wildwithnature.com/2025/01/01/el-misterio-del-crepusculo/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Shane Sater]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 01 Jan 2025 20:41:37 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Aves]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Historias en español]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Insectos]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Plantas]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Crypturellus cinnamomeus]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Dryocopus pileatus]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[habitat]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Megascops guatemalae]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Micrastur semitorquatus]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Nyctidromus albicollis]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Oaxaca]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Sphyrapicus nuchalis]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Strix virgata]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Swietenia macrophylla]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://wildwithnature.com/?p=4673</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>Un silbido simple, ascendiendo al final, fácil de imitar. Es la hora cuando la luz se va, convirtiendo los árboles en siluetas, y el azul [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://wildwithnature.com/2025/01/01/el-misterio-del-crepusculo/">El misterio del crepúsculo: las aves y la agricultura sustentable</a> appeared first on <a href="https://wildwithnature.com">Wild With Nature</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[
<figure class="wp-block-image size-full is-resized"><a href="https://wildwithnature.com/2025/01/01/mystery-of-the-twilight/"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="734" height="188" src="http://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/bilingual-es-2.jpg" alt="Podcast bilingüe de la naturaleza" class="wp-image-3489" style="width:auto;height:100px" srcset="https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/bilingual-es-2.jpg 734w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/bilingual-es-2-300x77.jpg 300w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 734px) 100vw, 734px" /></a></figure>



<iframe style="border-radius:12px" src="https://open.spotify.com/embed/episode/2ta7MA8PY0lc0XENvRdkek?utm_source=generator&#038;t=0" width="100%" height="152" frameBorder="0" allowfullscreen="" allow="autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; fullscreen; picture-in-picture" loading="lazy"></iframe>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="alignright size-large is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="768" src="http://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/PXL_20241208_232156422-1024x768.jpg" alt="El sol se va detrás del Cerro Islá." class="wp-image-4679" style="width:500px" srcset="https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/PXL_20241208_232156422-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/PXL_20241208_232156422-300x225.jpg 300w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/PXL_20241208_232156422-768x576.jpg 768w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/PXL_20241208_232156422-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/PXL_20241208_232156422.jpg 2000w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">El sol se va detrás del Cerro Islá.</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-8e85c5803a5258048c5bc81dc5de4e32 wp-block-paragraph">Un silbido simple, ascendiendo al final, fácil de imitar. Es la hora cuando la luz se va, convirtiendo los árboles en siluetas, y el azul se va desapareciendo del Cerro Islá. Un silbido simple que nunca he escuchado, sólo en grabaciones. Los meses de estudiar cristalizan en este instante y voy casi corriendo, el silbido llamándome adelante, pasando la milpa y los nopales, la carambola y el cempasúchil, el campo querido del abuelo Teo, pasando los mangos, entrando en la selva. Los grillos son la voz de la noche inminente, este silbido el misterio del crepúsculo.&nbsp;</p>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="alignright size-large is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="768" src="http://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/PXL_20241216_000602810-1024x768.jpg" alt="The garden of grandfather Teo." class="wp-image-4764" style="width:500px" srcset="https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/PXL_20241216_000602810-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/PXL_20241216_000602810-300x225.jpg 300w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/PXL_20241216_000602810-768x576.jpg 768w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/PXL_20241216_000602810.jpg 1200w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">La diversidad de los cultivos del abuelo Teo.</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-d502645c4eb207b333614f640df265ee wp-block-paragraph">El misterio es esto: ¿por qué cada día aquí es diferente? ¿Por qué la tierra nos da tantos chances, tantos guías para aprender? La voz de cada ave nos cuenta su historia, su relación con la tierra viva. El brote de cada planta es un universo en espera—y todos nos esperan; ¿qué vamos a hacer? Aprendemos la magia humilde de la milpa, de miles de generaciones de manos cuidando el maíz y el frijol, la calabaza y el chile, la leña y el abono, el cacao y la guanábana, para que nuestras huellas sean campos de flores y selvas donde el tinamú canelo (<em>Crypturellus cinnamomeus</em>) da su silbido simple al anochecer?</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">Los fantasmas de las aves</h3>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="alignright size-large is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="768" src="http://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/PXL_20240611_173822967-1024x768.jpg" alt="Un granero se derrumba entre campos extensos de trigo, Montana, EU." class="wp-image-4680" style="width:500px" srcset="https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/PXL_20240611_173822967-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/PXL_20240611_173822967-300x225.jpg 300w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/PXL_20240611_173822967-768x576.jpg 768w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/PXL_20240611_173822967.jpg 1200w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Un granero se derrumba entre campos extensos de trigo, Montana, EU.</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-32a59753daa1814538a891dea6406ff7 wp-block-paragraph">O ¿destripamos la tierra, que la comida venga sólo del supermercado, que venga con los fantasmas de las aves y los escarabajos que vivían donde un solo cultivo a máquina gatea hasta el horizonte? </p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-a8384660895b2de155642f1dd47dcfc7 wp-block-paragraph">No es ninguna pregunta retórica. La agricultura mecanizada sigue creciendo a través del planeta, <a href="https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.abm9982">el impulso más fuerte de las pérdidas de biodiversidad</a> (a pesar del cambio climático, otra amenaza en aumento). La agricultura industrial es un sistema enorme y eficiente, difícil de cambiar, tanto para agricultores como para consumidores. Eficiente para despedirnos de las selvas, milpas, insectos, tinamús, eficiente para vendernos sabritas y golosinas, diabetes y cáncer, para perder la milpa y la conexión con la tierra. Pero no es inevitable. Cada milpa, cada cafetal en la sombra de la selva intacta, cada intento hacia una relación sana con la tierra nos abre otra posibilidad.</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">Prácticas ancestrales</h3>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="alignright size-large is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="719" src="http://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/PXL_20230709_143050712-1024x719.jpg" alt="El arándano silvestre (Vaccinium globulare)." class="wp-image-4721" style="width:500px" srcset="https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/PXL_20230709_143050712-1024x719.jpg 1024w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/PXL_20230709_143050712-300x211.jpg 300w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/PXL_20230709_143050712-768x540.jpg 768w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/PXL_20230709_143050712.jpg 1200w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">El arándano silvestre (Vaccinium globulare).</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-0d45516709308624f26dbd121af7117a wp-block-paragraph">Estas prácticas las tenemos todos en nuestra línea ancestral. Aquí en México, <a href="https://www.biodiversidad.gob.mx/diversidad/sistemas-productivos/milpa" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">el sistema de la milpa</a> es una de ellas. Por las tierras donde yo nací en las montañas y valles del noroeste de Estados Unidos, son las tradiciones indígenas, cuidando el hábitat para el salmón, la tuya gigante, la <em>camassia</em> y el arándano. Supongo que por alguna parte de mis raíces europeas ha de haber una tradición de cuidar las frutas, porque siempre me han fascinado. Mi mamá tiene recuerdos lindos de cortar frambuesas con su abuelita Jessie como niña.</p>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="alignright size-large is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="655" src="http://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/010-1024x655.jpg" alt="Apple and cherry trees in my dad's orchard, cerca 2011." class="wp-image-4765" style="width:500px" srcset="https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/010-1024x655.jpg 1024w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/010-300x192.jpg 300w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/010-768x492.jpg 768w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/010.jpg 1200w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Manzanos y cerezos en la huerta de mi papá, cerca 2011.</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-0c6ad2383a152a0114a732f6baab3bf2 wp-block-paragraph">En mi juventud, yo iba a pizcar arándanos silvestres con mi papá. Antes de que él falleciera, lo llevé a observar las polillas noctuidos polinizando las flores de los cerezos en su huerta, una huerta de árboles frutales viejos sin pesticidas donde los carpinteros nuca roja (<em>Sphyrapicus nuchalis</em>) hacían huecos en los troncos para chupar la savia y los picamaderos norteamericanos (<em>Dryocopus pileatus</em>) visitaban en el otoño para alimentarse de manzanas. Había suficientes para compartir. Deshidratábamos manzanas, ciruelas y cerezas y yo crecí con antojo de esta fruta deshidratada. No me interesaban mucho las golosinas del supermercado, porque la fruta deshidratada de la huerta sabía mucho mejor.</p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-5c2990b235237afac06598f289160a87 wp-block-paragraph">Todas estas tradiciones y muchas más nos ofrecen otro camino adelante, junto con las aves, plantas y hongos—un camino que nos dé comida sana y a los animales les dé el hábitat para prosperar.</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">El tinamú, el halcón selvático y los tecolotes</h3>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-295eaaef1f7c0f6f735bc04f0ae61b70 wp-block-paragraph">El tinamú canelo, que aquí se le conoce como la jolina, sigue cantando. La tierra nos da tantos chances, y la voz de cada ave cuenta su historia. El abuelo Teo me dice que había codornices, pero desaparecieron. Puede que fue por más uso de insecticidas en la zona, dice. Sigo buscando sus cantos en los anocheceres. Quizás un día las vaya a encontrar, como el tinamú canelo que silba ahora desde la selva cerca del Río Sal, esta ave escurridiza de la vegetación densa. Es como una gallina, pero no rasca. Usa su pico para buscar semillas, escarabajos y frutas caídas y anida en el suelo durante la primavera caliente y el verano lluvioso.</p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-61bbd225f6f2bcc25edff7d4fb69381f wp-block-paragraph">Junto con el tinamú, ¿escuchas este grito nasal? Ya se acercó más. Es el halcón selvático de collar (<em>Micrastur semitorquatus</em>), cazador de aves y ardillas, que se esconde en la selva y anida en los huecos de la caoba (<em>Swietenia macrophylla</em>) y otros árboles grandes. Y ya empieza el tecolote sapo (<em>Megascops guatemalae</em>) con su trino nocturno, este tecolote insectívoro que caza chapulines y escarabajos al borde de los cultivos.&nbsp;</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">El misterio del crepúsculo</h3>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="alignright size-large is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="768" src="http://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/PXL_20241209_002624351-1024x768.jpg" alt="La silueta de un mango se ve contra el brillo final de la puesta del sol." class="wp-image-4681" style="width:500px" srcset="https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/PXL_20241209_002624351-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/PXL_20241209_002624351-300x225.jpg 300w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/PXL_20241209_002624351-768x576.jpg 768w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/PXL_20241209_002624351.jpg 1200w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">La silueta de un mango se ve contra el brillo final de la puesta del sol.</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-9b65ff8fae3d3aa96475dfa332d8d9b7 wp-block-paragraph">En la distancia ulula el búho café (<em>Strix virgata</em>), más grande que el tecolote. También come muchos insectos por la orilla del bosque. Los chotacabras pauraque (<em>Nyctidromus albicollis</em>) han emergido de los arbustos densos donde pasaban el día. Puedo verlos en la oscuridad cada vez más profunda, posándose en la arcilla del camino. Revolotean bajo la creciente de la luna, cazando escarabajos, polillas y otros insectos voladores. A veces escucho sus llamadas líquidas y su canto <em>¡pajíu!</em>&nbsp;</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">La pregunta</h3>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="alignright size-large is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="768" src="http://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/PXL_20241209_004525903.NIGHT_-1024x768.jpg" alt="La silueta del Cerro Islá en la noche." class="wp-image-4682" style="width:500px" srcset="https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/PXL_20241209_004525903.NIGHT_-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/PXL_20241209_004525903.NIGHT_-300x225.jpg 300w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/PXL_20241209_004525903.NIGHT_-768x576.jpg 768w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/PXL_20241209_004525903.NIGHT_.jpg 1200w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">La silueta del Cerro Islá en la noche.</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-3345cbb6ac72b20b086d9a7535b918b6 wp-block-paragraph">Las luciérnagas están destellando sobre las sombras de la milpa. Cúmulos de estrellas quedan suspendidos sobre la silueta protectora del Cerro Islá. Hace rato que dejó de silbar el tinamú canelo, pero sé que está ahí, en la hojarasca de la selva. El tecolote sapo sigue cantando.&nbsp;</p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-af2ae60c915d7e021b84a12197809ddf wp-block-paragraph">La tierra nos da tantos chances para aprender; la voz de cada ave nos cuenta su historia. La milpa nos muestra cómo podemos vivir con campos de flores y selvas diversas, y todos nos esperan. ¿Qué vamos a hacer?</p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-2a237c7ac6b7bf0fd91c475b3d8ff5c7 wp-block-paragraph"><em>Nota: Esta historia sobre las aves nocturnas de la Costa de Oaxaca, México alude a la importancia de la biodiversidad de insectos y la integridad de los ecosistemas para las aves, y para la vida en general. Es un tema que he tocado en otras historias (como las que siguen las referencias por abajo) y que lo voy a seguir desarrollando el próximo mes con una historia desde Montana, EU sobre los tecolotes, las polillas y un proyecto que está documentando la diversidad e importancia de estos insectos voladores.&nbsp;¡Hasta entonces!</em></p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">Leer más</h3>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="alignright size-large is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="966" src="http://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/WhatsApp-Image-2025-01-01-at-15.55.23-1024x966.jpeg" alt="Picking coffee in a shade-grown coffee farm within native forest, Pluma Hidalgo, Oaxaca, January 2024. Photo by Carito Cordero. Shade-grown coffee farms like Finca La Huerta are another example of a way we can grow crops while also providing excellent habitat for wildlife." class="wp-image-4802" style="width:auto;height:500px" srcset="https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/WhatsApp-Image-2025-01-01-at-15.55.23-1024x966.jpeg 1024w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/WhatsApp-Image-2025-01-01-at-15.55.23-300x283.jpeg 300w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/WhatsApp-Image-2025-01-01-at-15.55.23-768x725.jpeg 768w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/WhatsApp-Image-2025-01-01-at-15.55.23.jpeg 1203w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Pizcando café por Finca La Huerta, Pluma Hidalgo, Oaxaca, enero de 2024, una finca donde el café se cultiva en la sombra de la selva nativa. Foto por Carito Cordero. Cultivos de café en la sombra de la selva nos dan otro ejemplo de cómo podemos hacer cultivos y a la vez mantener un hábitat excelente para la vida silvestre.</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-ea657c0246b8ba9907641563acc9e5c1 wp-block-paragraph">Billerman, S.M., B. K. Keeney, P. G. Rodewald y T. S. Schulenberg (editores) (2022). <strong>Birds of the World</strong>. Cornell Laboratory of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, EU. <a href="https://birdsoftheworld.org/bow/home" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://birdsoftheworld.org/bow/home</a></p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-e871f3946268cec8a1b1958f8f2958c5 wp-block-paragraph">Hingtgen, L. (2014, 11 de diciembre). <strong>Review: The Third Plate: Field Notes on the Future of Food</strong>. <em>Edge Effects. </em><a href="https://edgeeffects.net/third-plate/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://edgeeffects.net/third-plate/</a></p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-b634f6832061f76f8818e905cc5435b9 wp-block-paragraph">Jaureguiberry, P. et al. (2022). <strong>The direct drivers of recent global anthropogenic biodiversity loss</strong>. <em>Science Advances </em>8:45. <a href="https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.abm9982" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.abm9982</a></p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-a1381e2fbd13c8d5e5c025c34301fe72 wp-block-paragraph">Lozada Aranda, M. y A. Ponce Mendoza. (2016). <strong>La milpa</strong>. Biodiversidad Mexicana. Comisión Nacional para el Conocimiento y Uso de la Biodiversidad, Cd. de México, México. <a href="https://www.biodiversidad.gob.mx/diversidad/sistemas-productivos/milpa">https://www.biodiversidad.gob.mx/diversidad/sistemas-productivos/milpa</a></p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-fe213bfceb27b7def721fa2627286bf4 wp-block-paragraph">Milne, L. (2023). <strong>Losing Ty</strong>. <em>Great Plains Quarterly</em> 43:4. <a href="https://www.lornamilne.com/losing-ty" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://www.lornamilne.com/losing-ty</a></p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-db9a378c6c250e33f4490d6d557b0141 wp-block-paragraph"><a href="https://wildwithnature.com/2024/06/01/golondrinas-bicolores-montana/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><strong>Las golondrinas bicolores de Montana: revirtiendo un declive</strong></a></p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-898085269091e1fb7107f1718cc192e5 wp-block-paragraph"><a href="https://wildwithnature.com/2022/06/03/moscas-para-el-almuerzo/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><strong>Moscas para el almuerzo: adoptando la perspectiva de un ave</strong></a></p>
<p>The post <a href="https://wildwithnature.com/2025/01/01/el-misterio-del-crepusculo/">El misterio del crepúsculo: las aves y la agricultura sustentable</a> appeared first on <a href="https://wildwithnature.com">Wild With Nature</a>.</p>
]]></content:encoded>
					
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		<item>
		<title>Mystery of the twilight: birds at dusk and sustainable agriculture</title>
		<link>https://wildwithnature.com/2025/01/01/mystery-of-the-twilight/</link>
					<comments>https://wildwithnature.com/2025/01/01/mystery-of-the-twilight/#comments</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Shane Sater]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 01 Jan 2025 20:38:08 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Birds]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[English-language stories]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Insects]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Plants]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Crypturellus cinnamomeus]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Dryocopus pileatus]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[habitat]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Megascops guatemalae]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Micrastur semitorquatus]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Nyctidromus albicollis]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Oaxaca]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Sphyrapicus nuchalis]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Strix virgata]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Swietenia macrophylla]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://wildwithnature.com/?p=4684</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>A simple whistle, ascending at the end, easy to imitate. It&#8217;s the hour when the light departs, converting the trees into silhouettes, and the evening [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://wildwithnature.com/2025/01/01/mystery-of-the-twilight/">Mystery of the twilight: birds at dusk and sustainable agriculture</a> appeared first on <a href="https://wildwithnature.com">Wild With Nature</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[
<figure class="wp-block-image size-full is-resized"><a href="https://wildwithnature.com/2025/01/01/el-misterio-del-crepusculo/"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="706" height="181" src="http://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/bilingual-en-2.jpg" alt="Bilingual nature podcast" class="wp-image-3486" style="width:auto;height:100px" srcset="https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/bilingual-en-2.jpg 706w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/bilingual-en-2-300x77.jpg 300w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 706px) 100vw, 706px" /></a></figure>



<iframe style="border-radius:12px" src="https://open.spotify.com/embed/episode/5LZHy8zWSpjpAm2fA5viff?utm_source=generator&#038;t=0" width="100%" height="152" frameBorder="0" allowfullscreen="" allow="autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; fullscreen; picture-in-picture" loading="lazy"></iframe>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="alignright size-large is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="768" src="http://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/PXL_20241208_232156422-1024x768.jpg" alt="El sol se va detrás del Cerro Islá." class="wp-image-4679" style="width:500px" srcset="https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/PXL_20241208_232156422-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/PXL_20241208_232156422-300x225.jpg 300w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/PXL_20241208_232156422-768x576.jpg 768w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/PXL_20241208_232156422-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/PXL_20241208_232156422.jpg 2000w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">The sun sets behind the Cerro Islá.</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-7f9ec16f5a8e4fb5c7d50cafe044a8b4 wp-block-paragraph">A simple whistle, ascending at the end, easy to imitate. It&#8217;s the hour when the light departs, converting the trees into silhouettes, and the evening blue leaves the slopes of the Cerro Islá. A simple whistle that I&#8217;ve never heard before, only in recordings. The months of study crystallize in an instant and I&#8217;m almost running, the whistle calling me onwards, passing the <em>milpa</em> and the <em>nopales</em>, the starfruit and the <em>cempasúchil</em>, the beloved garden of grandfather Teo, passing the mangos, entering the jungle. The crickets are the voice of the approaching night, this whistle the mystery of the twilight.</p>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="alignright size-large is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="768" src="http://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/PXL_20241216_000602810-1024x768.jpg" alt="The garden of grandfather Teo." class="wp-image-4764" style="width:500px" srcset="https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/PXL_20241216_000602810-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/PXL_20241216_000602810-300x225.jpg 300w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/PXL_20241216_000602810-768x576.jpg 768w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/PXL_20241216_000602810.jpg 1200w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">The garden of grandfather Teo.</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-a28ffc96ff781f8ae228bb4643242b3f wp-block-paragraph">The mystery is this: why is each day here different? Why does the earth give us so many chances, so many guides to learn from? The voice of each bird sings its story, its relationship with the living earth. The bud of every plant is a universe in waiting—and they all wait for us; what will we do? Will we learn the humble magic of the <em>milpa</em>, of thousands of generations of hands caring for the corn and the beans, the squash and the chile, the firewood and the manure, the cacao and the <em>guanábana</em>, so that our footprints may be gardens of flowers and jungles where the thicket tinamou (<em>Crypturellus cinnamomeus</em>) gives this simple whistle at sunset?</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">The ghosts of the birds</h3>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="alignright size-large is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="768" src="http://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/PXL_20240611_173822967-1024x768.jpg" alt="Un granero se derrumba entre campos extensos de trigo, Montana, EU." class="wp-image-4680" style="width:500px" srcset="https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/PXL_20240611_173822967-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/PXL_20240611_173822967-300x225.jpg 300w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/PXL_20240611_173822967-768x576.jpg 768w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/PXL_20240611_173822967.jpg 1200w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">An abandoned barn falls down among massive wheat fields, Montana, USA.</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-febb557bc17817522cc4c45fe40a6a26 wp-block-paragraph">Or will we tear apart the earth, so that our food only comes from the supermarket, so that it carries the ghosts of the birds and the beetles that once lived where a monoculture crop creeps to the horizon? It&#8217;s not a rhetorical question. Large-scale, mechanized agriculture continues growing across the planet, <a href="https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.abm9982" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">the primary cause of biodiversity loss</a> (in spite of climate change, another huge and growing threat). Industrial agriculture is an enormous and efficient system, difficult for anyone—farmers or consumers—to change. Efficient for saying goodbye to rainforests, <em>milpas</em>, insects, tinamous, efficient for selling us candy and snacks, diabetes and cancer, for losing our connection with the earth. But it&#8217;s not inevitable. Every <em>milpa</em>, every shade-grown coffee farm within the intact rainforest, every attempt to form a healthy relationship with the earth opens up a different possibility.</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">Ancestral practices</h3>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="alignright is-resized"><img decoding="async" src="http://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/PXL_20230709_143050712-1024x719.jpg" alt="El arándano silvestre (Vaccinium globulare)." style="width:500px"/><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Huckleberries (Vaccinium globulare).</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-f2e9ceb803e5fd200541e6746b84ebbd wp-block-paragraph">We all have these practices in our ancestral lineages. Here in Mexico, <a href="https://www.biodiversidad.gob.mx/diversidad/sistemas-productivos/milpa" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">the system of the <em>milpa</em></a> is one of them. From the land where I was born among the mountains and valleys of the Pacific Northwest of the United States, there are the indigenous traditions, stewarding habitat for salmon, cedar, camas, and huckleberry. </p>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="alignright size-large is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="655" src="http://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/010-1024x655.jpg" alt="Apple and cherry trees in my dad's orchard, cerca 2011." class="wp-image-4765" style="width:500px" srcset="https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/010-1024x655.jpg 1024w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/010-300x192.jpg 300w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/010-768x492.jpg 768w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/010.jpg 1200w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Apple and cherry trees in my dad&#8217;s orchard, cerca 2011.</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-62fe2f8a600881e90cf8584565769bd4 wp-block-paragraph">I suppose that somewhere in my European roots is a tradition of tending fruits, because they&#8217;ve always fascinated me. My mom has vivid childhood memories of picking raspberries with her Grandma Jessie. As a kid, I used to go huckleberry picking with my dad. Before he died, we went out in the evening to observe noctuid moths pollinating the cherries in his orchard, an orchard of old fruit trees without pesticides where the red-naped sapsuckers (<em>Sphyrapicus nuchalis</em>) drilled wells in the tree trunks and the pileated woodpeckers (<em>Dryocopus pileatus</em>) visited in the fall to feed on apples. There were enough to share. We dried apples, plums, and cherries, and I grew up craving this dried fruit. I wasn&#8217;t very interested in candy, because dried fruit from the orchard was so much better.</p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-1c0e47c8ec155a11e7eb7f7356190845 wp-block-paragraph">All of these traditions and many more offer us another way forward, together with the birds and the plants, the fungi—a way that gives us healthy food and gives the animals habitat to flourish.</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">The tinamou, the forest-falcon, and the owls</h3>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="alignright size-large is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="768" src="http://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/PXL_20241209_002624351-1024x768.jpg" alt="La silueta de un mango se ve contra el brillo final de la puesta del sol." class="wp-image-4681" style="width:500px" srcset="https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/PXL_20241209_002624351-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/PXL_20241209_002624351-300x225.jpg 300w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/PXL_20241209_002624351-768x576.jpg 768w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/PXL_20241209_002624351.jpg 1200w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">The silhouette of a mango tree against the final afterglow of the sunset.</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-c0bc6fc95e908eccb5b3d5864afd3d67 wp-block-paragraph">The thicket tinamou continues singing. The earth gives us so many chances, and the voice of each bird tells its story. Grandfather Teo tells me that there used to be quail here, but they disappeared. Maybe it was because of an increase in insecticide use in the area, he says. I continue to listen for the quail at sunset. Perhaps one day I&#8217;ll find them, like the thicket tinamou whistling now from the forest close to the Río Sal, this timid bird of the dense vegetation. It&#8217;s kind of like a chicken, except that it doesn&#8217;t scratch with its feet. Using its beak, it seeks out seeds, beetles, and fallen fruits. It nests on the forest floor during the hot spring and the rainy summer.</p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-7aba642c9502ae77bc9062c63bd5efe2 wp-block-paragraph">Along with the tinamou, do you hear that nasal cry? Now it&#8217;s gotten closer. It&#8217;s a collared forest-falcon (<em>Micrastur semitorquatus</em>), hunter of birds and squirrels, a bird that hides in the jungle and nests in cavities in the caoba (<em>Swietenia macrophylla</em>) and other big trees. And now the Middle American screech-owl (<em>Megascops guatemalae</em>) begins its nocturnal trill, this insectivorous owl that hunts grasshoppers and beetles at the edge of the plantings. </p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">The mystery of the twilight</h3>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="alignright size-large is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="768" src="http://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/PXL_20241209_004525903.NIGHT_-1024x768.jpg" alt="La silueta del Cerro Islá en la noche." class="wp-image-4682" style="width:500px" srcset="https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/PXL_20241209_004525903.NIGHT_-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/PXL_20241209_004525903.NIGHT_-300x225.jpg 300w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/PXL_20241209_004525903.NIGHT_-768x576.jpg 768w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/PXL_20241209_004525903.NIGHT_.jpg 1200w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">The silhouette of the Cerro Islá in the night.</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-35ce51c0dfb2537b84f8fe4042adc587 wp-block-paragraph">In the distance hoots the mottled owl (<em>Strix virgata</em>), larger than the screech-owl. It also feeds on many insects at the edge of the forest. The common pauraques (<em>Nyctidromus albicollis</em>) have emerged from the dense bushes where they passed the day. I can see them in the deepening darkness, perching on the clay of the track. They flutter under the crescent moon, hunting beetles, moths, and other flying insects. Sometimes I hear their liquid calls and their song, <em>purwheeoo!</em></p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-61d3925af965a56eb2a636fe9b05d125 wp-block-paragraph">The fireflies are glimmering above the shadows of the <em>milpa</em>. Clusters of stars hang suspended above the guardian silhouette of the Cerro Islá. A while ago the thicket tinamou stopped whistling, but I know it&#8217;s still there, in the leaf litter of the rainforest. The Middle American screech-owl continues singing.</p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-3b27ae3f9a606e3908853f2f88a44d52 wp-block-paragraph">The earth gives us so many chances to learn; the voice of each bird tells us its story. The <em>milpa</em> shows us how we can live with fields of flowers and diverse forests, and everyone waits for us. What will we choose?</p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-ca78297e005339dfe724176b7d234443 wp-block-paragraph"><em>Note: This story about the nocturnal birds of the coast of Oaxaca, Mexico alludes to the importance of insect diversity and intact ecosystems for birds and all life. It&#8217;s something I&#8217;ve touched on in other stories (such as those in bold that follow the references, below) and that I&#8217;ll continue exploring next month with a story from Montana, USA about owls, moths, and a project that is documenting the diversity and importance of these flying insects. Also, if you&#8217;d like to delve more into sustainable agriculture and biodiversity, check out the references I&#8217;ve shared below. In particular, I recommend Lorna Milne&#8217;s poignant and deeply personal essay &#8220;Losing Ty,&#8221; and Luke Hingtgen&#8217;s review of the inspiring book <span style="text-decoration: underline;">The Third Plate</span>.</em></p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">Further reading</h3>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="alignright size-large is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="966" src="http://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/WhatsApp-Image-2025-01-01-at-15.55.23-1024x966.jpeg" alt="Picking coffee in a shade-grown coffee farm within native forest, Pluma Hidalgo, Oaxaca, January 2024. Photo by Carito Cordero. Shade-grown coffee farms like Finca La Huerta are another example of a way we can grow crops while also providing excellent habitat for wildlife." class="wp-image-4802" style="width:500px" srcset="https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/WhatsApp-Image-2025-01-01-at-15.55.23-1024x966.jpeg 1024w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/WhatsApp-Image-2025-01-01-at-15.55.23-300x283.jpeg 300w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/WhatsApp-Image-2025-01-01-at-15.55.23-768x725.jpeg 768w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/WhatsApp-Image-2025-01-01-at-15.55.23.jpeg 1203w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Picking coffee in a shade-grown coffee farm within native forest, Pluma Hidalgo, Oaxaca, January 2024. Photo by Carito Cordero. Shade-grown coffee farms like Finca La Huerta are another example of a way we can grow crops while also providing excellent habitat for wildlife.</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-476d9411ec6a8be1932b5ecbceef61ef wp-block-paragraph">Billerman, S.M., B. K. Keeney, P. G. Rodewald, and T. S. Schulenberg (editors) (2022). <strong>Birds of the World</strong>. Cornell Laboratory of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. <a href="https://birdsoftheworld.org/bow/home" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://birdsoftheworld.org/bow/home</a></p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-833ab169c12e47c67eb88d03335cd105 wp-block-paragraph">Hingtgen, L. (2014, 11 December). <strong>Review: The Third Plate: Field Notes on the Future of Food</strong>. <em>Edge Effects. </em><a href="https://edgeeffects.net/third-plate/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://edgeeffects.net/third-plate/</a></p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-b634f6832061f76f8818e905cc5435b9 wp-block-paragraph">Jaureguiberry, P. et al. (2022). <strong>The direct drivers of recent global anthropogenic biodiversity loss</strong>. <em>Science Advances </em>8:45. <a href="https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.abm9982" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.abm9982</a></p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-7295f3e6570acd758cf5652c9ffef788 wp-block-paragraph">Lozada Aranda, M. and A. Ponce Mendoza. (2016). <strong>La milpa</strong>. Biodiversidad Mexicana. Comisión Nacional para el Conocimiento y Uso de la Biodiversidad, Mexico City, Mexico.<a href="https://www.biodiversidad.gob.mx/diversidad/sistemas-productivos/milpa"> https://www.biodiversidad.gob.mx/diversidad/sistemas-productivos/milpa</a></p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-fe213bfceb27b7def721fa2627286bf4 wp-block-paragraph">Milne, L. (2023). <strong>Losing Ty</strong>. <em>Great Plains Quarterly</em> 43:4. <a href="https://www.lornamilne.com/losing-ty" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://www.lornamilne.com/losing-ty</a></p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-5912e99ee185b4e8b574d7975fd7480d wp-block-paragraph"><a href="https://wildwithnature.com/2024/06/01/tree-swallows-montana/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><strong>A hopeful sign for a bird in decline: helping Montana&#8217;s tree swallows</strong></a></p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-94e37db904888d1b1b70312b61421597 wp-block-paragraph"><a href="https://wildwithnature.com/2022/06/03/chokecherries-and-birds/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><strong>Lunch on the fly: a bird&#8217;s-eye view of chokecherries</strong></a></p>
<p>The post <a href="https://wildwithnature.com/2025/01/01/mystery-of-the-twilight/">Mystery of the twilight: birds at dusk and sustainable agriculture</a> appeared first on <a href="https://wildwithnature.com">Wild With Nature</a>.</p>
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