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	<title>Shepherdia canadensis Archives - Wild With Nature</title>
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	<title>Shepherdia canadensis Archives - Wild With Nature</title>
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		<title>Entreviendo la vida de un ave cantora</title>
		<link>https://wildwithnature.com/2023/10/01/la-vida-de-un-ave-cantora/?utm_source=rss&#038;utm_medium=rss&#038;utm_campaign=la-vida-de-un-ave-cantora</link>
					<comments>https://wildwithnature.com/2023/10/01/la-vida-de-un-ave-cantora/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Shane Sater]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 01 Oct 2023 19:53:25 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Aves]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Historias en español]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[bird banding]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Canada buffaloberry]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Geothlypis tolmiei]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[habitat]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Monitoring Avian Productivity and Survivorship]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Piranga ludoviciana]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Selasphorus calliope]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Shepherdia canadensis]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Turdus migratorius]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Vireo gilvus]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://wildwithnature.com/?p=2998</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>26 de julio de 2023 El sol de la mañana pinta las cimas rocosas de las Montañas Teton con rosa y azul mientras montamos las [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://wildwithnature.com/2023/10/01/la-vida-de-un-ave-cantora/">Entreviendo la vida de un ave cantora</a> appeared first on <a href="https://wildwithnature.com">Wild With Nature</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[
<figure class="wp-block-image size-full is-resized"><a href="https://wildwithnature.com/2023/10/01/life-of-a-songbird/"><img fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" width="734" height="188" src="http://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/bilingual-es-2.jpg" alt="Podcast bilingüe de la naturaleza" class="wp-image-3489" style="width:auto;height:100px" srcset="https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/bilingual-es-2.jpg 734w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/bilingual-es-2-300x77.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 734px) 100vw, 734px" /></a></figure>



<p><iframe style="border-radius:12px" src="https://open.spotify.com/embed/episode/2MsjDBjP9UqG9dWtrl6CIg?utm_source=generator&amp;t=0" width="100%" height="152" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen="" allow="autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; fullscreen; picture-in-picture" loading="lazy"></iframe></p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color"><strong>26 de julio de 2023</strong></p>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="alignright size-large is-resized"><img decoding="async" width="1024" height="768" src="http://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_121511638-1024x768.jpg" alt="Morning sunlight touches the Teton Mountains." class="wp-image-2979" style="width:500px;height:undefinedpx" srcset="https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_121511638-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_121511638-300x225.jpg 300w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_121511638-768x576.jpg 768w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_121511638.jpg 1200w" sizes="(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">La luz matutina del sol toca las Montañas Teton.</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p class="has-black-color has-text-color">El sol de la mañana pinta las cimas rocosas de las Montañas Teton con rosa y azul mientras montamos las redes. Las mallas de nilón negro cuelgan casi invisibles, cada red suspendida en una lámina vertical entre dos postes de metal. Casi parece como si estuviéramos listos para jugar bádminton en medio del bosque. Pero estas redes son más altas y especializadas—y altamente reguladas bajo licencias federal y estatal. Conocidas como &#8220;redes de niebla,&#8221; no tienen nada que ver con los deportes—sino tienen todo que ver con nuestro conocimiento de las aves cantoras alrededor de nosotros.</p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color">Al acabar de montar las redes, el sol está mandando una luz dorada por las copas de los álamos cerca del arroyo. Un vireo gorjeador (<em>Vireo gilvus</em>) canta desde alto en el dosel. Unas golondrinas verdemar (<em>Tachycineta thalassina</em>) están cazando insectos en el aire sobre nosotros. Esta mañana estamos cerca del borde del Parque Nacional Grand Teton, 18 millas al noreste de Jackson, Wyoming, Estados Unidos. Estamos rodeados por una mezcla diversa de hábitats que alberga docenas de especies de aves durante la estación reproductiva.</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">Una diversidad de aves</h3>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="alignright size-large is-resized"><img decoding="async" width="1024" height="768" src="http://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_123036605-1024x768.jpg" alt="Hilary Turner walks into the aspens to check a mist net." class="wp-image-2981" style="width:500px;height:undefinedpx" srcset="https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_123036605-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_123036605-300x225.jpg 300w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_123036605-768x576.jpg 768w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_123036605.jpg 1200w" sizes="(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Hilary Turner anda para los álamos temblones para revisar una red de niebla.</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p class="has-black-color has-text-color">Hay bosquecillos densos de álamos temblones (<em>Populus tremuloides</em>) donde los carpinteros de pechera común (<em>Colaptes auratus</em>) y los carpinteros nuca roja (<em>Sphyrapicus nuchalis</em>) anidan. Cerca del borde de los álamos temblones están unas cabañas, manejadas por Teton Science Schools para sus programas educativos. En praderas de artemisa aromática, donde los gorriones de Brewer (<em>Spizella breweri</em>) cantaban en junio, ya lucen las flores amarillas del girasol pequeño (<em>Helianthella</em> sp.). Álamos negros y píceas forman un bosque alto a lo largo del arroyo, donde unos gorriones corona blanca (<em>Zonotrichia leucophrys</em>) pían. Cerca del arroyo, podemos ver unos estanques de los castores entre los sauces. De repente, un playero alzacolita (<em>Actitis macularius</em>) se echa a volar de la orilla.</p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color">En un lugar como esto, hay mucho que un naturalista calificado puede aprender de las aves por la observación y la escucha cuidadosas. Al volver a visitar a través del año, tal vez podríamos empezar a entender los ritmos estacionales de este lugar: cuáles aves sólo pasan en la migración, cuáles se quedan por el verano. Podríamos descubrir dónde las golondrinas risqueras (<em>Petrochelidon pyrrhonota</em>) construyen sus nidos de barro bajo de los aleros de los edificios. Hasta podríamos hallar los límites entre los territorios reproductivos de los vireos gorjeadores entre los álamos temblones. </p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">Más allá de la observación</h3>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="alignright size-large is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="768" src="http://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_123528876-1024x768.jpg" alt="A mist net in the shrubs along Ditch Creek, northeast of Jackson." class="wp-image-2980" style="width:500px;height:undefinedpx" srcset="https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_123528876-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_123528876-300x225.jpg 300w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_123528876-768x576.jpg 768w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_123528876.jpg 1200w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Una red de niebla entre los arbustos cerca de Ditch Creek, al noreste de Jackson.</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p class="has-black-color has-text-color">Pero en algún momento, toparíamos con cuestiones que no podríamos contestar sólo por observaciones pasivas. De las aves cantoras que se reproducen aquí, ¿cuántas realmente sobreviven los peligros de la migración y vuelven el siguiente verano? ¿Salen muchos polluelos de sus nidos con éxito, o sólo pocos? ¿Cómo realmente están las aves aquí, y como esto se compara con otras áreas? </p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color">Estas cuestiones son más que sólo asuntos para la conjetura vacía. Vivimos en un mundo en el que la presencia humana está palpable por todas partes, desde el ártico hasta la selva amazónica. Cuestiones como éstas van más allá de los patrones que podemos observar visualmente para ayudarnos a entender cuándo las aves están prosperando, cuándo están teniendo dificultades y cuántas regresarán el año que viene. Para conservar las aves, estos temas son cruciales.</p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color">Hoy estamos aquí para ayudar a contestar estas preguntas. Lo que haremos se llama el &#8220;anillamiento de aves.&#8221; Esta actividad involucra examinar las aves en la mano, ponerles anillas ligeras de aluminio en la pata con números únicos y entonces soltarlas para seguir adelante en la vida. Las redes de niebla son nuestra herramienta que nos permite capturar las aves sin peligro. Y repetido tras años, este tipo de investigación nos permite lograr un conocimiento de estas cuestiones complicadas de la sobrevivencia, productividad y salud de poblaciones de aves. </p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">Monitoreando la Productividad y Sobrevivencia de las Aves</h3>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="alignright size-large is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="768" src="http://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_123333671-1024x768.jpg" alt="A mist net, nearly invisible among sagebrush, aspens, and blue spruces." class="wp-image-2982" style="width:500px;height:undefinedpx" srcset="https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_123333671-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_123333671-300x225.jpg 300w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_123333671-768x576.jpg 768w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_123333671.jpg 1200w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Una red de niebla, casi invisible entre la artemisa, los álamos temblones y las píceas.</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p class="has-black-color has-text-color">El proyecto de hoy es parte de un esfuerzo colaborativo amplio que involucra a cientos de ornitólogos, conocido como Monitoreando la Productividad y Sobrevivencia de Aves (MAPS, por sus siglas en inglés). Es un esfuerzo para entender cómo les va a las aves reproductivas en lugares concretos a través de Estados Unidos y Canadá. Está enfocado en estas cuestiones cruciales a la salud de las poblaciones reproductivas de aves: ¿cuántos polluelos salen del nido con éxito? ¿Cuántas aves sobreviven de un año al siguiente? En cada uno de los aproximadamente 350 sitios de MAPS—como el sitio donde hoy estamos—los investigadores anillan las aves que atrapen una vez durante cada periodo de diez días a través del verano. Es un compromiso de largo plazo, por lo menos cinco años en cada sitio. Y con cada año adicional, conseguimos un mejor conocimiento de las aves locales. </p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color">El sitio de anillamiento donde hoy estamos, al borde del Parque Nacional Grand Teton, se empezó hace más de 30 años, en 1991. Teton Science Schools fundó el sitio, sólo unos años después de que el ornitólogo Dave DeSante lanzó el proyecto MAPS.</p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color">&#8220;Esto es uno de los sitios de MAPS más perdurables en todo el país,&#8221; Hilary Turner me cuenta.</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">El anillamiento de aves y más</h3>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color">Hilary trabaja como Coordinadora de Programas para la <a href="https://jhwildlife.org/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Jackson Hole Wildlife Foundation</a> (JHWF), una organización sin fines de lucro enfocada en la conservación de la vida silvestre. La JHWF se empezó en 1993 con un grupo de ciudadanos interesados que quería hacer que la comunidad de Jackson fuera más amigable con la vida silvestre. Desde entonces, la JHWF ha removido más de 240 millas de cercas del paisaje local—una longitud suficiente para rodear el Parque Nacional Grand Teton—para que la vida silvestre pueda recorrer el área más fácilmente. La organización también maneja una variedad de otros proyectos para la vida silvestre.</p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color">El anillamiento de aves es uno de los proyectos más rigurosos de recolección de datos que maneja la JHWF. La organización dirige dos sitios de MAPS: el sitio donde ya estamos y uno más, muy cerca al pueblo de Jackson. Además de Hilary, el equipo esencial de biólogos que manejan estos sitios incluye a la anilladora principal Vicki Morgan y al anillador adjunto Kevin Perozeni. Estos tres coordinan la operación del sitio, aseguran el bienestar de las aves, adiestran a voluntarios como yo y enseñan a miembros de la comunidad sobre las aves y el anillamiento de aves.</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">Revisando las redes</h3>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="alignright size-large is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="851" src="http://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_133526169-1024x851.jpg" alt="The young calliope hummingbird." class="wp-image-2983" style="width:500px;height:undefinedpx" srcset="https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_133526169-1024x851.jpg 1024w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_133526169-300x249.jpg 300w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_133526169-768x638.jpg 768w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_133526169.jpg 1200w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">El joven zumbador garganta rayada.</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p class="has-black-color has-text-color">Es hora de revisar las redes otra vez. Las redes de niebla no son completamente planas. Cada una es diseñada con cinco amplios &#8220;bolsillos&#8221; que se extienden de un poste al otro. Cuando un ave vuela contra la red, se caerá en un bolsillo, donde descansará hasta que lleguemos para soltarla. </p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color">La red número dos está dentro de un pequeño claro entre álamos temblones densos. Mientras nos acercamos, podemos ver un joven zumbador garganta rayada (<em>Selasphorus calliope</em>) en un bolsillo. Kevin hábilmente lo libera y lo pone en su palma abierta, esperando hasta que vuele. No anillamos los colibríes aquí. Para anillar pajaritos tan minuciosos, se necesita aún más formación especializada. Las licencias de la JHWF no incluyen permiso para eso. El colibrí joven mira sus alrededores, alerto pero tal vez confundido sobre qué le pasó. Después de quedarse brevemente, se echa a volar. </p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color">Las otras redes entre los álamos temblones están vacías. Pero Vicki vuelve después de revisar las redes cerca del arroyo y los estanques con dos aves para anillar. Tiene un mirlo primavera (<em>Turdus migratorius</em>) joven y un chinito (<em>Bombycilla cedrorum</em>) adulto. Lleva cada uno dentro de una especialmente diseñada bolsa de algodón, cerrada con un cordón. Las bolsas mantienen las aves seguras y tranquilas mientras las llevamos. Al regresar al lugar de anillamiento, donde hemos montado una mesa con varias herramientas, Vicki le da la bolsa con el mirlo a Hilary. Yo miro sobre su hombro mientras lo examina.</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">Conociendo un mirlo primavera</h3>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="alignright size-large is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="872" src="http://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_135419993-1024x872.jpg" alt="Hilary Turner holds a young robin in the bander's grip." class="wp-image-2986" style="width:500px;height:undefinedpx" srcset="https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_135419993-1024x872.jpg 1024w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_135419993-300x256.jpg 300w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_135419993-768x654.jpg 768w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_135419993.jpg 1200w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Hilary Turner sujeta un mirlo primavera joven.</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p class="has-black-color has-text-color">Hilary saca el joven mirlo de la bolsa, agarrándolo ligera pero firmemente. Revisa su condición. Sujeta el mirlo en su mano con el cuello entre su dedo corazón e índice. Este agarre previene que el ave forcejeara o se lastimara. Este joven mirlo formará parte del número de polluelos exitosos registrado en este sitio de MAPS. Es decir, formará parte de ese índice de productividad que nos importa tanto para entender el bienestar de las aves. Pero no es sólo eso que podemos aprender de esta ave.&nbsp;</p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color">Hilary rápidamente le da al mirlo un examen físico. Parece ser un bebé sano. Ella sopla las plumas del pecho para ver si hay depósitos de grasa en el cuerpo o bajo las alas. Ahora no hay casi ninguna grasa, exactamente lo que esperaríamos en esta estación. Sin embargo, durante la migración otoñal, las aves cantoras pueden acumular tanta grasa que los anilladores las llamen &#8220;bolas de grasa.&#8221; Durante la migración, se vuelve extremadamente importante monitorear los niveles de grasa. Esto nos dice si las aves están logrando obtener los alimentos que necesitan para poder seguir migrando en buena condición.</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">Buscando signos de la muda</h3>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="alignright size-large is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="897" src="http://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_135405809-1024x897.jpg" alt="Checking molt patterns in the robin's wing." class="wp-image-2987" style="width:500px;height:undefinedpx" srcset="https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_135405809-1024x897.jpg 1024w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_135405809-300x263.jpg 300w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_135405809-768x673.jpg 768w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_135405809.jpg 1200w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Revisando el patrón de muda en el ala.</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p class="has-black-color has-text-color">Ahora Hilary abre el ala del mirlo, examinando la condición de las plumas. Ningunas plumas perduran por siempre, y las aves las mudan en patrones predecibles. Todo que vemos en esta ala, me cuenta Hilary, son plumas jóvenes. Comparadas con plumas adultas, éstas son de baja calidad. Han crecido tan rápidamente que fuera posible para minimizar el tiempo que un ave bebé pase vulnerable en el nido, sin poder volar. Para compensar la baja calidad de las plumas, este mirlo bebé mudará algunas de sus plumas (pero no todas) en los meses que vienen. Al llegar el otoño, su pecho actualmente manchado se volverá completamente anaranjado como el de un adulto. Su espalda y cabeza mostrarán nuevas plumas lisas y grises. También mudará algunas de sus plumas alares, pero no todas.</p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color">Entender la complejidad de cómo las aves mudan es un arte matizado de interpretación—y una de las habilidades esenciales que todos los anilladores aprenden. Los detalles de la muda generalmente se diferencian entre aves jóvenes y adultas, permitiendo que los anilladores puedan determinar la edad de un ave. Por ejemplo, en su primer otoño, los mirlos jóvenes mudan algunas (pero no todas) de sus coberteras alares (las plumas que cubren las bases de las primarias y secundarias). Los adultos, al otro lado, mudan todas sus plumas alares, incluso las primarias y secundarias, en un proceso tranquilo y predecible. </p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">Qué la muda nos enseña</h3>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="alignright size-large is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="897" src="http://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/64875091-1024x897.jpg" alt="A young robin." class="wp-image-2988" style="width:500px;height:undefinedpx" srcset="https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/64875091-1024x897.jpg 1024w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/64875091-300x263.jpg 300w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/64875091-768x673.jpg 768w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/64875091.jpg 1200w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Otro mirlo primavera joven.</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p class="has-black-color has-text-color">Cualquier persona puede ver la muda en proceso mientras el pecho manchado de un mirlo primavera bebé cambia para parecerse al pecho completamente anaranjado del adulto. Los anilladores, sin embargo, típicamente pueden reconocer los mirlos jóvenes por casi un año más. Y para un proyecto como MAPS, la habilidad de distinguish las aves de primer año, de segundo año y los adultos más viejos es esencial. Usando esta información, biólogos pueden examinar la proporción de aves recién nacidas que logran regresar el año siguiente. También pueden comparar esta proporción con la proporción de adultos que regresan.  </p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color">Es complejo entender los patrones de la muda y lo que pueden enseñarnos sobre la edad y condición de un ave. Hasta profesionales hábiles siempre siguen aprendiendo. Pero para biólogas experimentadas como Hilary y Vicki, no les lleva mucho tiempo para darle este tipo de examen físico a cada ave. Dentro de unos minutos, han medido, pesado y determinado la edad de las dos aves y las han suelto. Ya tenemos todo registrado en nuestras hojas de datos. Estamos listos para más aves.</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">Los chipes de lores negros y los chinitos</h3>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="alignright size-large is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="834" src="http://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_152237022-1024x834.jpg" alt="MacGillivray's warbler." class="wp-image-2989" style="width:500px;height:undefinedpx" srcset="https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_152237022-1024x834.jpg 1024w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_152237022-300x244.jpg 300w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_152237022-768x625.jpg 768w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_152237022.jpg 1200w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">El chipe lores negros.</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p class="has-black-color has-text-color">Una de nuestras próximas aves es un chipe de lores negros (<em>Geothlypis tolmiei</em>) que vuela hacia la red desde el sotobosque sombroso bajo los álamos temblones. Hilary me dice que estos chipes elegantes, con sus lindas cabezas de carbón y sus vientres de amarillo como la luz del sol, están entre las especies más comúnmente capturadas en este sitio. Pero fuera de un proyecto de anillamiento, los chipes lores negros son aves sigilosas de matorrales espesos. Nunca he estado tan cerca a uno de ellos. Como el mirlo, esto es uno de los bebés de este año. Está en el proceso de mudar las plumas de la cabeza, reemplazando las rápidamente crecidas plumas jóvenes con unas plumas adolescentes más duraderas.</p>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="alignright size-large is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="929" src="http://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_162833856-1024x929.jpg" alt="Canada buffaloberry." class="wp-image-2990" style="width:500px;height:undefinedpx" srcset="https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_162833856-1024x929.jpg 1024w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_162833856-300x272.jpg 300w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_162833856-768x697.jpg 768w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_162833856.jpg 1200w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption"><em>Shepherdia argentea</em>.</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p class="has-black-color has-text-color">En todo el bosque, las bayas del &#8220;buffaloberry&#8221; (<em>Shepherdia canadensis</em>) están maduras, reluciendo entre las sombras. Les parecen bastante amargas a muchos paladares humanos, pero es claro que a los animales sí les gustan. Justo después del amanecer, cuando yo ayudaba a Hilary a montar las redes, encontramos un montón de la caca de un oso, lleno de estas bayas. Y ahora, cerca de la mesa de anillamiento, parece que estas bayas han regresado para saludarnos de nuevo. Hilary está sacando un chinito (<em>Bombycilla cedrorum</em>) desde una bolsa, la cual está teñida roja por su guano lleno de frutas. No es difícil adivinar de cuáles bayas vino este color.</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">Unas aves de dos años</h3>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="alignright size-large is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="963" src="http://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_160945834-1024x963.jpg" alt="Cedar waxwing." class="wp-image-2991" style="width:500px;height:undefinedpx" srcset="https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_160945834-1024x963.jpg 1024w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_160945834-300x282.jpg 300w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_160945834-768x723.jpg 768w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_160945834.jpg 1200w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">El chinito macho en su segundo año.</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p class="has-black-color has-text-color">Mientras Hilary examina esta ave, añade unas revisiones particulares a los chinitos. Mide el ancho de la franja amarilla en la punta de las plumas de la cola. También busca puntas rojas cerosas en las secundarias del ala. Los chinitos más jóvenes tienen la punta de la cola con una franja amarilla que es más angosta. Mientras tanto, los machos mayores tienen la más amplia franja. Los chinitos mayores también tienen más puntas rojas cerosas en las secundarias. Esta ave tiene una franja amarilla de ancho intermedio en la cola, pero aún no tiene ningunas puntas cerosas en el ala. Es un macho del segundo año, me dice Hilary.</p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color">Más tarde, atrapamos un macho de la piranga capucha roja (<em>Piranga ludoviciana</em>) entre los álamos temblones, su cabeza de anaranjado medio luminoso. Examinando las plumas de sus alas cuidadosamente, Hilary afirma que este macho también tiene dos años. Este invierno, va a migrar al sur para México, El Salvador o tal vez Panamá. Va a ampliar su dieta veraniega de insectos para incluir una variedad de frutas. Y aquí en Wyoming, ojalá que lo volvamos a encontrar el verano que viene. </p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">Los reencuentros</h3>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="alignright size-large is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="960" height="1024" src="http://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_163333047.MP_-960x1024.jpg" alt="Western tanager." class="wp-image-2992" style="width:500px;height:undefinedpx" srcset="https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_163333047.MP_-960x1024.jpg 960w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_163333047.MP_-281x300.jpg 281w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_163333047.MP_-768x819.jpg 768w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_163333047.MP_.jpg 1200w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">El macho de la piranga capucha roja en su segundo año. Nota la anilla de aluminio en la pata.</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p class="has-black-color has-text-color">Es por encuentros individuales como éstos, cientos a través de un verano, que podemos empezar a entender cómo les va a las aves de un área. Muchas de las aves simplemente desaparecen después del verano cuando son anilladas, y Hilary y su equipo nunca vuelven a verlas. Tal vez algunas se muevan para anidar en otra área. Y sin duda, otras sucumben a la multitud de amenazas que las aves enfrentan.</p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color">Cada año, las aves pierden sitios de escala migratoria y hábitats invernales a la expansión urbana, el desarrollo de energía y la agricultura. Los insecticidas y los metales pesados envenenan las aves dentro de la cadena alimenticia. Decenas de millones de gatos matan <a href="https://abcbirds.org/program/cats-indoors/cats-and-birds/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">bastante más de mil millones de aves cada año en sólo Estados Unidos</a>. Y el peligro de colisiones con ventanas o vehículos siempre está presente en la vida cotidiana de las aves. No obstante, algunas aves anilladas sí regresan. Y cuando logran hacerlo, nos dan un vistazo más profundo de sus vidas.</p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color">Dos días después, estamos en el otro sitio de MAPS manejado por la JHWF. El sitio está unas millas al oeste de Jackson, cerca de Boyles Hill. El sol matutino evapora hilos de niebla desde los estanques, rodeados por álamos negros. Los papamoscas del oeste (<em>Contopus sordidulus</em>) están cantando perezosamente. Ya hemos atrapado un vireo gorjeador que ya lleva una anilla. En la mano, Vicki puede identificarla como una hembra adulta que tiene al menos tres años.</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">La historia del vireo</h3>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="alignright size-large is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="957" src="http://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230728_145606205.MP_-1024x957.jpg" alt="The warbling vireo." class="wp-image-2993" style="width:500px;height:undefinedpx" srcset="https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230728_145606205.MP_-1024x957.jpg 1024w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230728_145606205.MP_-300x280.jpg 300w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230728_145606205.MP_-768x717.jpg 768w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230728_145606205.MP_.jpg 1200w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">La hembra del vireo gorjeador.</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p class="has-black-color has-text-color">Vicki sopla el vientre del vireo, buscando evidencia de su condición reproductiva. &#8220;No está muy adelantada en la muda, así que aún tiene su placa incubatriz,&#8221; nota. La placa incubatriz es una región de piel desnuda en el vientre donde aves reproductivas, generalmente las hembras, pierden las plumas. La piel desnuda funciona como una manta eléctrica, transfiriendo el calor de la mamá a los huevos o los polluelos para calentarlos. Puesto que esta hembra aún tiene su placa incubatriz, nos sugiere fuertemente que anidó cerca este verano. Y por ya haber empezado su muda de plumaje otoñal, sabemos que ya terminó de anidar.</p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color">Luego, Hilary me ayuda a buscar el número estampado en la anilla de esta hembra para aprender más de ella. Descubrimos que se la anilló en Boyles Hill en 2019, antes de que la pandemia de covid-19 viniera y trastornara la sociedad humana. Ella tenía dos años entonces—así que ya tiene seis. Y entre todos los peligros de la vida de un ave migratoria, ha logrado sobrevivir. Tal vez hayamos anillado algunos de sus polluelos también.</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">Unas vidas invisibles, reveladas</h3>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="alignright size-large is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="768" src="http://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230728_125154788-1024x768.jpg" alt="Sunrise at the Boyles Hill banding station." class="wp-image-2994" style="width:500px;height:undefinedpx" srcset="https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230728_125154788-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230728_125154788-300x225.jpg 300w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230728_125154788-768x576.jpg 768w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230728_125154788.jpg 1200w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Amanece en el sitio de anillamiento de Boyles Hill.</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p class="has-black-color has-text-color">El anillamiento de aves es polifacético, mucho más que quizás adivinarías a primera vista. Es una oportunidad para tener un encuentro presencial con un chipe lores negros joven, mudando sus primeras plumas en la cabeza. Nos da la posibilidad de preguntarnos cómo es la vida para todas nuestras vecinas aves. Para científicos como Hilary, Kevin y Vicki, es un chance para cultivar un conocimiento profundo de las aves—y recolectar datos esenciales para su sobrevivencia. Para la red entera de los colaboradores de MAPS, es una oportunidad para contribuir a investigaciones de conservación que van desde cuestiones sobre <a href="https://peerj.com/articles/8898/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">cómo puede ser que las aves jóvenes suelan habitar hábitats de baja calidad</a> hasta <a href="https://www.birdpop.org/docs/pubs/Albert_et_al_2018_Use_of_Intrinsic_and_Extrinsic_Markers.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">examinar el completo ciclo anual de los chipes corona negra (<em>Cardellina pusilla</em>)</a>.</p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color">Y para los visitantes a un sitio de MAPS—incluso los 133 personas que la JHWF ha recibido este año—es una invitación para asombrarnos ante nuestros vecinos emplumados, para entrever sus vidas y los retos que enfrentan, y tal vez para enamorarnos de ellos. </p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color">A mí me parece que vale la pena pasar una mañana así.</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading has-black-color has-text-color">Lee más</h3>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="alignright size-large is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="1006" src="http://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/60779731-1024x1006.jpg" alt="An adult cedar waxwing shows off the waxy red tips of their secondaries." class="wp-image-3013" style="width:500px;height:undefinedpx" srcset="https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/60779731-1024x1006.jpg 1024w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/60779731-300x295.jpg 300w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/60779731-768x755.jpg 768w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/60779731.jpg 1200w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Un chinito adulto muestra las puntas rojas cerosas en las secundarias.</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p class="has-black-color has-text-color">Albert, S., Ruegg, K., &amp; Siegel, R. (2018). El uso de marcadores intrínsecos y extrínsecos para enlazar poblaciones de aves a través de las Américas. <em>Zeledonia</em> 22:1. Recuperado de <a href="https://www.birdpop.org/docs/pubs/Albert_et_al_2018_Use_of_Intrinsic_and_Extrinsic_Markers.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://www.birdpop.org/docs/pubs/Albert_et_al_2018_Use_of_Intrinsic_and_Extrinsic_Markers.pdf</a>.</p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color">American Bird Conservancy. (2023). Cats indoors: cats and birds. Recuperado de <a href="https://abcbirds.org/program/cats-indoors/cats-and-birds/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://abcbirds.org/program/cats-indoors/cats-and-birds/</a></p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color">Institute for Bird Populations. (n.d.) MAPS: Monitoring Avian Productivity and Survivorship. Recuperado de <a href="https://www.birdpop.org/pages/maps.php" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://www.birdpop.org/pages/maps.php</a>.</p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color">Pyle, P., Foster, K.R., Godwin, C.M., Kaschube, D.R. &amp; Saracco, J.F. (2020). Yearling proportion correlates with habitat structure in a boreal forest landbird community. <em>PeerJ</em> 8:e8898. Recuperado de <a href="https://peerj.com/articles/8898/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://peerj.com/articles/8898/</a>.</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://wildwithnature.com/2023/10/01/la-vida-de-un-ave-cantora/">Entreviendo la vida de un ave cantora</a> appeared first on <a href="https://wildwithnature.com">Wild With Nature</a>.</p>
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		<title>Glimpsing the life of a songbird</title>
		<link>https://wildwithnature.com/2023/10/01/life-of-a-songbird/?utm_source=rss&#038;utm_medium=rss&#038;utm_campaign=life-of-a-songbird</link>
					<comments>https://wildwithnature.com/2023/10/01/life-of-a-songbird/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Shane Sater]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 01 Oct 2023 19:52:13 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Birds]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[English-language stories]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[bird banding]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Canada buffaloberry]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Geothlypis tolmiei]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[habitat]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Monitoring Avian Productivity and Survivorship]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Piranga ludoviciana]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Selasphorus calliope]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Shepherdia canadensis]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Turdus migratorius]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Vireo gilvus]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://wildwithnature.com/?p=2974</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>July 26, 2023 The morning sun paints the rocky summits of the Teton Mountains in pink and blue as we set up the nets. The [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://wildwithnature.com/2023/10/01/life-of-a-songbird/">Glimpsing the life of a songbird</a> appeared first on <a href="https://wildwithnature.com">Wild With Nature</a>.</p>
]]></description>
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<figure class="wp-block-image size-full is-resized"><a href="https://wildwithnature.com/2023/10/01/la-vida-de-un-ave-cantora/"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="706" height="181" src="http://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/bilingual-en-2.jpg" alt="Bilingual nature podcast" class="wp-image-3486" style="width:auto;height:100px" srcset="https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/bilingual-en-2.jpg 706w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/bilingual-en-2-300x77.jpg 300w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 706px) 100vw, 706px" /></a></figure>



<p><iframe style="border-radius:12px" src="https://open.spotify.com/embed/episode/6a9XWt3ZQzQZI6uhmMdlHU?utm_source=generator&amp;t=0" width="100%" height="152" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen="" allow="autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; fullscreen; picture-in-picture" loading="lazy"></iframe></p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color"><strong>July 26, 2023</strong></p>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="alignright size-large is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="768" src="http://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_121511638-1024x768.jpg" alt="Morning sunlight touches the Teton Mountains." class="wp-image-2979" style="width:500px;height:undefinedpx" srcset="https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_121511638-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_121511638-300x225.jpg 300w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_121511638-768x576.jpg 768w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_121511638.jpg 1200w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Morning sunlight touches the Teton Mountains.</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p class="has-black-color has-text-color">The morning sun paints the rocky summits of the Teton Mountains in pink and blue as we set up the nets. The meshes of black nylon hang nearly invisible, each one suspended in a vertical sheet between two metal poles. It looks almost as if we&#8217;re getting ready to play badminton in the middle of the forest. But these nets are taller, more specialized—and highly regulated under federal and state permits. Known as &#8220;mist nets,&#8221; they have nothing to do with athletics—and everything to do with our understanding of the songbirds around us.</p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color">By the time we’ve set up the nets, the sun is sending golden light through the tops of the cottonwoods along the stream. A warbling vireo sings from high in the canopy, and violet-green swallows are catching insects in the airspace above us. This morning we’re at the edge of Grand Teton National Park, 18 miles northeast of Jackson, Wyoming. Around us is a diverse mix of habitats that supports dozens of species of breeding birds.&nbsp;</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">A diversity of birds</h3>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="alignright size-large is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="768" src="http://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_123036605-1024x768.jpg" alt="Hilary Turner walks into the aspens to check a mist net." class="wp-image-2981" style="width:500px;height:undefinedpx" srcset="https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_123036605-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_123036605-300x225.jpg 300w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_123036605-768x576.jpg 768w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_123036605.jpg 1200w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Hilary Turner walks into the aspens to check a mist net.</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p class="has-black-color has-text-color">There are dense stands of aspens where the northern flickers and red-naped sapsuckers nest. At the edge of the aspens are several log buildings, managed by Teton Science Schools for their educational programs. Meadows of aromatic sagebrush, where the Brewer’s sparrows sang in June, are now speckled with the yellow blooms of little sunflower (<em>Helianthella</em> sp.). Cottonwoods and blue spruces form a tall forest along the creek, where a few white-crowned sparrows are chipping. Nearby, several beaver ponds spread out among the willows, and a spotted sandpiper flushes suddenly from the shoreline.</p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color">In a place like this, there’s quite a lot that a trained naturalist can learn about the birds through careful observation and listening. By visiting repeatedly throughout the year, we might begin to understand the seasonal rhythms of this place: which birds pass through only in migration, which ones stay for the summer. We could learn where the cliff swallows build their mud nests under the eaves of the buildings—and even find the boundaries between warbling vireo nesting territories in the aspens.&nbsp;</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">Beyond observation</h3>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="alignright size-large is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="768" src="http://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_123528876-1024x768.jpg" alt="A mist net in the shrubs along Ditch Creek, northeast of Jackson." class="wp-image-2980" style="width:500px;height:undefinedpx" srcset="https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_123528876-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_123528876-300x225.jpg 300w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_123528876-768x576.jpg 768w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_123528876.jpg 1200w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">A mist net in the shrubs along Ditch Creek, northeast of Jackson.</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p class="has-black-color has-text-color">But at some point, we would start bumping up against questions that we’re powerless to answer through passive observation alone. How many of the songbirds that breed here actually survive all of the perils of migration and return again next summer? Are many baby birds fledging, or just a few? How are the birds actually faring here, and how does that compare with other areas?</p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color">These questions aren’t matters of idle speculation. We live in a world in which the human presence is palpable everywhere, from the Arctic to the Amazon. Questions such as these go beyond the patterns we can observe visually to help us understand when birds are prospering, when they’re struggling, and how many of them return next year. For bird conservation, these topics are critical.</p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color">We’re here today to help answer some of these questions. What we’ll be doing is called “bird banding.” This involves examining birds in the hand, fitting them with uniquely numbered, lightweight leg bands, and then releasing them to continue with their lives. Mist nets are our tool, allowing us to safely capture the songbirds. And repeated over many years, this sort of research allows us to gain insight into these tricky questions of survival, productivity, and the health of bird populations.</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">Monitoring Avian Productivity and Survivorship</h3>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="alignright size-large is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="768" src="http://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_123333671-1024x768.jpg" alt="A mist net, nearly invisible among sagebrush, aspens, and blue spruces." class="wp-image-2982" style="width:500px;height:undefinedpx" srcset="https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_123333671-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_123333671-300x225.jpg 300w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_123333671-768x576.jpg 768w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_123333671.jpg 1200w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">A mist net, nearly invisible among sagebrush, aspens, and blue spruces.</figcaption></figure>
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<p class="has-black-color has-text-color">Today’s project is part of a massive, collaborative effort involving hundreds of bird biologists known as Monitoring Avian Productivity and Survivorship (MAPS). It’s a project focused on understanding how summer breeding birds are faring at specific stations throughout the United States and Canada. The focus is on those critical questions of the health of breeding bird populations: how many young fledge successfully? How many birds survive from one summer to the next? At each of roughly 350 MAPS stations—such as the one we’re at today—researchers band birds once every ten-day period throughout the summer. It’s a long-term commitment, five years at a minimum. And with each additional year, we get a more thorough understanding of local birds.</p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color">Today’s banding station at the edge of Grand Teton National Park got its start over 30 years ago, in 1991.&nbsp;Teton Science Schools founded the station just a few years after ornithologist Dave DeSante first launched the MAPS project.</p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color">“This is one of the longest-running MAPS stations in the country,” Hilary Turner tells me.&nbsp;</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">Bird banding and more</h3>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color">Hilary is the Program Coordinator for the <a href="https://jhwildlife.org/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Jackson Hole Wildlife Foundation</a> (JHWF), a local nonprofit focused on wildlife conservation. JHWF started in 1993 with a group of concerned citizens who wanted to make Jackson Hole a more wildlife-friendly community. Since then, JHWF has removed more than 240 miles of fence from the landscape—enough to surround Grand Teton National Park—in order to make the landscape more friendly to the movements of wildlife. The organization also leads a variety of other wildlife projects.</p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color">Bird banding is one of JHWF&#8217;s more rigorous data collection projects. The organization operates two MAPS stations: this one plus another closer to the town of Jackson. In addition to Hilary, the core team of biologists at the stations includes lead bander Vicki Morgan and assistant bander Kevin Perozeni. These three run the banding stations, ensure safe handling of the birds, train volunteers like me, and educate community members about birds and bird banding.</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">Checking the nets</h3>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="alignright size-large is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="851" src="http://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_133526169-1024x851.jpg" alt="The young calliope hummingbird." class="wp-image-2983" style="width:500px;height:undefinedpx" srcset="https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_133526169-1024x851.jpg 1024w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_133526169-300x249.jpg 300w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_133526169-768x638.jpg 768w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_133526169.jpg 1200w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">The young calliope hummingbird.</figcaption></figure>
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<p class="has-black-color has-text-color">It’s time to check the nets again. Mist nets are not entirely flat; each one is designed with five “pockets,” folds of netting that stretch horizontally from one metal pole to the other. When a bird flies into the net, it tumbles into a pocket, where it rests until we arrive to free it.</p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color">Net Two is tucked into a narrow opening within a dense grove of aspens. As we approach, we can see a young calliope hummingbird resting in one of the pockets. Kevin deftly frees it and transfers it to his open palm, where he waits for it to fly off. We don’t band hummingbirds here. For such tiny birds, banding requires even more specialized training and isn’t covered under JHWF’s permits. The young hummingbird looks around, alert but perhaps slightly puzzled about what has happened. After a brief stay in Kevin’s palm, it flies off.</p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color">The rest of the nets in the aspen grove are empty this time. But Vicki, checking the nets closer to the stream and the beaver pond, returns with two birds for us to band: a young American robin and an adult cedar waxwing. She carries each one in a specially designed cotton bag, closed with a drawstring. The bags help the birds to stay safe and calm as we transport them. Back at the banding station, Vicki gives Hilary the bag with the robin. I watch over her shoulder.</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">Getting to know a robin</h3>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="alignright size-large is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="872" src="http://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_135419993-1024x872.jpg" alt="Hilary Turner holds a young robin in the bander's grip." class="wp-image-2986" style="width:500px;height:undefinedpx" srcset="https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_135419993-1024x872.jpg 1024w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_135419993-300x256.jpg 300w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_135419993-768x654.jpg 768w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_135419993.jpg 1200w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Hilary Turner holds a young robin in the bander&#8217;s grip.</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p class="has-black-color has-text-color">Hilary removes the young robin from the bag, handling it gently but firmly as she checks its condition. She uses the “bander’s grip,” holding the robin’s head between her index and middle finger, which prevents the bird from struggling or injuring itself. This young robin will be part of the season’s-end numbers of fledglings from this MAPS station—that index of productivity that is so important for understanding how our birds are doing. But that’s not all we can learn from this bird.&nbsp;</p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color">Hilary gives the robin a quick physical exam. This seems to be a healthy baby. Blowing on the bird’s breast feathers, she checks for fat stores on the body or under the wings. Right now there’s hardly any, which is expected at this time of year. During fall migration, on the other hand, songbirds can build up so much fat that banders call them “butterballs.” In migration, tracking fat levels becomes extremely important, telling us whether birds are managing to get the food they need to continue on their journeys in good condition.</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">Checking for molt</h3>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="alignright size-large is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="897" src="http://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_135405809-1024x897.jpg" alt="Checking molt patterns in the robin's wing." class="wp-image-2987" style="width:500px;height:undefinedpx" srcset="https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_135405809-1024x897.jpg 1024w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_135405809-300x263.jpg 300w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_135405809-768x673.jpg 768w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_135405809.jpg 1200w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Checking molt patterns in the robin&#8217;s wing.</figcaption></figure>
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<p class="has-black-color has-text-color">Now Hilary spreads the robin’s wing, checking the condition of the feathers. Feathers don’t last forever, and birds molt them in predictable patterns. Everything we’re seeing in this robin’s wing, Hilary tells me, are juvenile feathers. Compared to adult feathers, these ones are low-quality, grown as fast as possible to minimize the baby’s time in the flightless, extremely-vulnerable nestling stage. To make up for its not-so-great feather quality, in the next few months this baby robin will molt some, but not all, of its feathers. By fall, its spotted breast will be orange like an adult’s. Its back and head will be covered with new, sleek, gray body feathers. It will also molt some of its wing feathers, but not all of them.</p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color">Understanding the intricacies of how birds molt is a nuanced art of interpretation—and it’s one of the essential skills that all bird banders learn. Details of molt often differ between young birds and older birds, allowing banders to determine age. For example, in their first fall, juvenile robins molt some but not all of their fledgling wing coverts (the feathers that cover the longer primaries and secondaries). Adults, on the other hand, molt all of their wing feathers, including the primaries and secondaries, in one smooth, predictable process.&nbsp;</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">What molt tells us</h3>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="alignright size-large is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="897" src="http://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/64875091-1024x897.jpg" alt="A young robin." class="wp-image-2988" style="width:500px;height:undefinedpx" srcset="https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/64875091-1024x897.jpg 1024w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/64875091-300x263.jpg 300w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/64875091-768x673.jpg 768w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/64875091.jpg 1200w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">A young robin.</figcaption></figure>
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<p class="has-black-color has-text-color">Anyone can see molt in action as a spot-breasted baby robin grows its adult-like orange breast feathers—but bird banders, through a careful study of a bird’s wing and tail feathers, can generally identify teenage robins for almost another year. And for a program like MAPS, being able to distinguish first-summer, second-summer, and older birds is essential. With this information, biologists can look at the proportion of baby birds that manage to return in their second year, as well as how this compares with older adults.</p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color">Understanding molt patterns and what they can tell us about a bird’s age and condition is complex, and even skilled professionals are constantly learning. But for experienced biologists like Hilary and Vicki, giving each bird this sort of thorough physical exam goes quickly. Within a couple of minutes, the robin and the cedar waxwing have been aged, measured, weighed, and released. We’ve recorded all of it on our data sheets, and we’re ready for more birds.</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">MacGillivray&#8217;s warblers and cedar waxwings</h3>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="alignright size-large is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="834" src="http://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_152237022-1024x834.jpg" alt="MacGillivray's warbler." class="wp-image-2989" style="width:500px;height:undefinedpx" srcset="https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_152237022-1024x834.jpg 1024w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_152237022-300x244.jpg 300w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_152237022-768x625.jpg 768w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_152237022.jpg 1200w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">The MacGillivray&#8217;s warbler.</figcaption></figure>
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<p class="has-black-color has-text-color">One of our next birds is a MacGillivray’s warbler that flies into the net from the shady aspen undergrowth. Hilary tells me that these elegant warblers, with their fine charcoal heads and sunshine-yellow bellies, are among the most frequently-captured birds at this station. But outside of a bird banding project, MacGillivray’s warblers are secretive birds of shrubby thickets. I’ve never been this close to one before. Like the robin, this is one of this year’s babies, actively molting its head feathers from the quickly-grown juvenile ones to the more durable teenager plumage.&nbsp;</p>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="alignright size-large is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="929" src="http://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_162833856-1024x929.jpg" alt="Canada buffaloberry." class="wp-image-2990" style="width:500px;height:undefinedpx" srcset="https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_162833856-1024x929.jpg 1024w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_162833856-300x272.jpg 300w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_162833856-768x697.jpg 768w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_162833856.jpg 1200w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Canada buffaloberry.</figcaption></figure>
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<p class="has-black-color has-text-color">Throughout the forest around us, the Canada buffaloberries (<em>Shepherdia canadensis</em>) are ripe, their juicy red berries glistening in the shade. They’re rather bitter for many human palates, but the animals clearly like them. As I was helping Hilary set up nets just after sunrise, we found a large, fresh pile of bear scat nearby, filled with buffaloberries. Now, back at the banding table, it seems that the buffaloberries have returned to greet us. Hilary is removing a cedar waxwing from a bag that it has stained red with its fruit-filled poop. With so many buffaloberries fruiting, and few other berries around, we’re pretty sure we can guess what it was eating.</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">Two-year-olds</h3>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="alignright size-large is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="963" src="http://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_160945834-1024x963.jpg" alt="Cedar waxwing." class="wp-image-2991" style="width:500px;height:undefinedpx" srcset="https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_160945834-1024x963.jpg 1024w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_160945834-300x282.jpg 300w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_160945834-768x723.jpg 768w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_160945834.jpg 1200w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">The two-year-old male cedar waxwing.</figcaption></figure>
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<p class="has-black-color has-text-color">As Hilary gives this one its examination, she adds a few more checks specific to the waxwings. She measures the length of the yellow tip on the tail feathers; then she checks for waxy red tips within the wing, on the secondaries. In waxwings, younger birds have a thinner yellow band on the tip of the tail; it’s broadest on older males. Older birds also grow more waxy red tips on their secondaries. This bird has a moderately thick yellow band on the tail, but no waxy wingtips yet. It’s a second-year male, Hilary tells me.</p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color">Later in the morning, we catch a male western tanager in the aspens, his head a mildly flaming orange. Based on a careful examination of his wing feathers, Hilary confirms that this is a two-year-old. This winter, he’ll migrate south to Mexico, El Salvador, or Panama. He’ll expand his summer diet of insects and begin including a variety of fruits. And here in Wyoming, maybe we’ll meet him again next summer.</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">Re-encounters</h3>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="alignright size-large is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="960" height="1024" src="http://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_163333047.MP_-960x1024.jpg" alt="Western tanager." class="wp-image-2992" style="width:500px;height:undefinedpx" srcset="https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_163333047.MP_-960x1024.jpg 960w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_163333047.MP_-281x300.jpg 281w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_163333047.MP_-768x819.jpg 768w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230726_163333047.MP_.jpg 1200w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">The two-year-old male western tanager shows off his aluminum leg band.</figcaption></figure>
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<p class="has-black-color has-text-color">It’s through individual bird encounters like these, hundreds of them over the course of a season, that we begin to develop a larger picture of how the birds are doing in an area. Many of these birds disappear after the summer that they’re banded, and Hilary and her crew never see them again. Perhaps some of them move on to breed in a different area. Others undoubtedly succumb to the host of threats that birds face. </p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color">Each year, birds lose migratory stopover sites and overwintering habitats to housing sprawl, energy development, and agriculture. Insecticides and heavy metals poison birds from within the food chain. Tens of millions of outdoor cats kill <a href="https://abcbirds.org/program/cats-indoors/cats-and-birds/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">well over a billion birds a year in the US alone</a>. And the danger of window and vehicle collisions is every-present in birds&#8217; daily lives. But in spite of it all, banded birds do return. And when they do, they give us a deeper glimpse into their lives.</p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color">Two days later, we’re at JHWF’s other MAPS station, a few miles west of Jackson near Boyles Hill. The morning sun is carrying wisps of mist off of the cottonwood-surrounded ponds, and the western wood-pewees are singing lazily. And today we’ve caught a warbling vireo that already has a band. In the hand, Vicki can tell that she’s an adult female, at least three years old.</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">The story of the vireo</h3>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="alignright size-large is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="957" src="http://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230728_145606205.MP_-1024x957.jpg" alt="The warbling vireo." class="wp-image-2993" style="width:500px;height:undefinedpx" srcset="https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230728_145606205.MP_-1024x957.jpg 1024w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230728_145606205.MP_-300x280.jpg 300w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230728_145606205.MP_-768x717.jpg 768w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230728_145606205.MP_.jpg 1200w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">The warbling vireo.</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p class="has-black-color has-text-color">Vicki blows on her belly, checking for evidence of breeding condition. “She’s not very far into her molt, so she still has her brood patch,” she notes. The brood patch is a bare region of skin on the belly where breeding birds, mostly females, will shed their insulating feathers. The bare skin is like an electric blanket, transferring the mother’s heat to her eggs or nestlings to keep them warm. Since this female vireo still has a brood patch, it’s a strong suggestion that she nested nearby this summer. And because she’s beginning her fall feather molt, we know she’s done nesting now.</p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color">Later, Hilary helps me look up this vireo’s band number in order to learn more about her. We find out that she was banded at Boyles Hill in June 2019, before the Covid-19 pandemic struck and turned human society upside down. She was two years old then—which makes her six now. And among all of the hazards of life as a migratory songbird, she’s managed to survive. Maybe we’ve banded some of her fledglings, too.</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading">Invisible lives revealed</h3>


<div class="wp-block-image">
<figure class="alignright size-large is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="768" src="http://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230728_125154788-1024x768.jpg" alt="Sunrise at the Boyles Hill banding station." class="wp-image-2994" style="width:500px;height:undefinedpx" srcset="https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230728_125154788-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230728_125154788-300x225.jpg 300w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230728_125154788-768x576.jpg 768w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PXL_20230728_125154788.jpg 1200w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Sunrise at the Boyles Hill banding station.</figcaption></figure>
</div>


<p class="has-black-color has-text-color">Bird banding is multifaceted, much more so than you might guess at first glance. It’s a chance to have a one-on-one encounter with a young MacGillivray’s warbler, molting its first-ever head feathers, and to wonder what life is like for all of the birds around us. For scientists like Hilary, Kevin, and Vicki, it’s a chance to develop a deep understanding of bird populations—and to collect essential information about their survival. For the entire network of MAPS collaborators, it’s an opportunity to contribute to conservation research that ranges from questions about <a href="https://peerj.com/articles/8898/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">how young birds may end up in low-quality habitat</a> to examinations of <a href="https://www.birdpop.org/docs/pubs/Albert_et_al_2018_Use_of_Intrinsic_and_Extrinsic_Markers.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">the full annual cycle of Wilson’s warblers</a>. </p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color">And for visitors to a MAPS station—including the 133 guests that JHWF has welcomed this year—it’s an invitation to be amazed by our feathered neighbors, to glimpse their lives and the challenges they face, and perhaps to fall in love with them.</p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color">To me, that’s a worthwhile way to spend a morning.</p>



<h3 class="wp-block-heading has-black-color has-text-color">Further reading</h3>


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<figure class="alignright size-large is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1024" height="1006" src="http://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/60779731-1024x1006.jpg" alt="An adult cedar waxwing shows off the waxy red tips of their secondaries." class="wp-image-3013" style="width:500px;height:undefinedpx" srcset="https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/60779731-1024x1006.jpg 1024w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/60779731-300x295.jpg 300w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/60779731-768x755.jpg 768w, https://wildwithnature.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/60779731.jpg 1200w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">An adult cedar waxwing shows off the waxy red tips of their secondaries.</figcaption></figure>
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<p class="has-black-color has-text-color">Albert, S., Ruegg, K., &amp; Siegel, R. (2018). El uso de marcadores intrínsecos y extrínsecos para enlazar poblaciones de aves a través de las Américas. <em>Zeledonia</em> 22:1. Retrieved from <a href="https://www.birdpop.org/docs/pubs/Albert_et_al_2018_Use_of_Intrinsic_and_Extrinsic_Markers.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://www.birdpop.org/docs/pubs/Albert_et_al_2018_Use_of_Intrinsic_and_Extrinsic_Markers.pdf</a>.</p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color">American Bird Conservancy. (2023). Cats indoors: cats and birds. Retrieved from <a href="https://abcbirds.org/program/cats-indoors/cats-and-birds/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://abcbirds.org/program/cats-indoors/cats-and-birds/</a></p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color">Institute for Bird Populations. (n.d.) MAPS: Monitoring Avian Productivity and Survivorship. Retrieved from <a href="https://www.birdpop.org/pages/maps.php" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://www.birdpop.org/pages/maps.php</a>.</p>



<p class="has-black-color has-text-color">Pyle, P., Foster, K.R., Godwin, C.M., Kaschube, D.R. &amp; Saracco, J.F. (2020). Yearling proportion correlates with habitat structure in a boreal forest landbird community. <em>PeerJ</em> 8:e8898. Retrieved from <a href="https://peerj.com/articles/8898/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://peerj.com/articles/8898/</a>.</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://wildwithnature.com/2023/10/01/life-of-a-songbird/">Glimpsing the life of a songbird</a> appeared first on <a href="https://wildwithnature.com">Wild With Nature</a>.</p>
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